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Africa
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Transportation Sustainability Assessment using an Indicator-Based Method: A Case of Kochi, Kerala, India
Published in Uday Chatterjee, Arindam Biswas, Jenia Mukherjee, Sushobhan Majumdar, Advances in Urbanism, Smart Cities, and Sustainability, 2022
Cladia Anna Jose, Firoz C. Mohammed
The low value of walkability and percentage share of the sustainable node shows that the non-motorized transport infrastructure of the city needs to be improved. The reduction of traffic speed and volume is a prerequisite to steer the focus of urban planning on cars back to people. Researchers underline the importance of low traffic volume and speed in determining which mode of transport people will choose, will they prefer walking/cycling, and how comfortable and safe they feel to let their kids walk to school (Cities 2019). Cities also need to create aesthetic, safe, connected, and continuous pedestrian footpaths and cycle tracks that are viable alternatives to using private vehicles.
Design-led solution for curbing crime: the case study of a major entertainment precinct in Perth, Western Australia
Published in Journal of Urban Design, 2023
Emil E. Jonescu, Oluwole A. Olatunji, Jason Foo
Implementation of new footpaths and elimination of existing vehicle paths are recommended and proposed to create connectivity between venues while promoting safer and relaxed mobility for pedestrians. Spatial provisioning for activation, physical distancing, and functional affordance was considered critical for a variety of legitimate ‘lingering’ activities – diversifying opportunities for interaction and concurrently dissuading loitering, damage, and antisocial behaviours. Longitudinal elevations in Figure 12 highlights the scale and permeability of the proposed design against existing buildings framing the precinct. Scale is critical to creating a sense of safety and comfort. Specifically, favourable proportions can be applied to mitigate impact of wind, rain, and noise, providing shading, screening, removing vehicles and roads that dissect the area and increase noise and danger. This has a direct correlation to comfort and safety–facilitating sound transference and attenuation.
Exploring the factors influencing pedestrian-vehicle crash severity in Dhaka, Bangladesh
Published in International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion, 2020
Niaz Mahmud Zafri, Ahmed Aflan Prithul, Ivee Baral, Moshiur Rahman
To minimize the impact of road factors on pedestrian-vehicle crash severity, concern authorities are advised to take proper steps to make the roads pedestrian friendly. Wide, usable, and continuous footpaths need to be provided along the roads for the pedestrians. Pedestrian and vehicular traffic should be separated to reduce the crash risk of pedestrian. It could be done through providing railing on footpath, raising height of the footpath, planting trees, and so on. In addition, footpaths are advised to be kept neat and clear as well as free from blockage. Traffic control mechanism (e.g. traffic signal, countdown signal, traffic sign, road marking, crosswalk, stop sign) need to be provided at midblock crossing locations where pedestrian cross the road frequently. Proper vehicular speed control mechanism is suggested to be installed in the pedestrian crossing locations, straight and flat roads, and residential areas. Roads of residential areas are advised to be designed more pedestrian oriented and proper initiatives need to be taken to restrict through traffic in residential areas. It also has to be ensured that the curvy and sloppy roads have proper line of sight for avoiding pedestrian-vehicle conflict. In the context of Dhaka, divider has a significant role in reducing the severity of crashes, and thus, divider is recommended to be provided on roads maintaining appropriate standards.
Interactive mechanism of working environments and construction behaviors with cognitive work analysis: an elevator installation case study
Published in International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2019
Yanqing Wang, Heap-Yih Chong, Pin-Chao Liao, Hantao Ren
CWA has been applied extensively in many industries [30,40]. For example, in the healthcare sector, CWA has been applied to analyzing informational demands in intensive care units to design information display systems [41] and exploring patient risk factors inside the ward, aiming to improve nursing service [42]. In the military, CWA has been applied to task allocation [43] and is handy for analyzing operation functions, circumstances, activities, decisions and strategies for military vehicles such as submarines [44]. In the transportation industry, CWA has been adopted to learn drivers’ behaviors and to help prevent traffic accidents [45]. It could help urban planners understand the association between footpath elements and pedestrians’ requirements for improving city footpath design [46]. It has also been used to compare different crossroad designs to ascertain the safest one [47] or to measure pedestrians’ safety by analyzing their behaviors at rail-level crossings [48]. CWA can also be used in other industries or areas, e.g., analyzing system flexibility from design changes [49], analyzing procedures in the manufacturing industry [50] and analyzing cognitive aspects of human engagement with technology in concrete making [51]. In sum, the selection of CWA in this research is mainly due to its fitness and maturity as a constraint-based sociotechnical system analysis framework. The successful application of CWA in other sectors or industries provides a good reference for developing potential strategies for the environmental constraints related to workers’ unsafe behaviors at construction sites.