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The work and leisure environments
Published in Stephen Battersby, Clay's Handbook of Environmental Health, 2023
Jonathan Hayes, Stuart Wiggans
All doors and gates are to be suitably constructed to include the fitting of any necessary safety devices. In particular, the regulations require that: Any door or gate has a device to prevent it coming off its track during use;Any upward opening door or gate has a device to prevent it falling back;Any powered door or gate has suitable and effective features to prevent it causing injury by trapping any person;Where necessary for reasons of health or safety, any powered door or gate can be operated manually unless it opens automatically if the power fails;Any door or gate that is capable of opening by being pushed from either side is of such a construction as to provide, when closed, a clear view of the space close to both sides. All escalators and moving walkways function safely, be equipped with any necessary safety device and be fitted with sufficient emergency stop controls. There is guidance issued by the HSE [8].
Optimization-based feedback control of passenger flow in subway stations for improving level of service
Published in Transportation Letters, 2019
Zhe Zhang, Limin Jia, Yong Qin, Ting Yun
The inbound network in the subway station is described as Figure 5; the fundamental diagram of pedestrian flow in walkway staircases, the parameters of each facility are given in Tables 3 and 4. The headway time and dwell time are 155s and 40s, respectively, the alighting time is 10s, thus the waiting time is 165s and the boarding time is 30s. The velocity of escalator is 0.75 m/s. The theoretical jam density of escalators is 4p(passengers)/, the capacity reduction factor is set as 0.9 according to the findings from Liao et al. (2013), which means that the practical jam density is . The free velocity of walkways and staircases is 1.2 and 0.9 m/s, respectively. The speed–density relationship of passenger flow has been calibrated by Xu et al. (2014).