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Industrial Polymers
Published in Manas Chanda, Plastics Technology Handbook, 2017
Many of the synthetic plastic materials have found established uses in a number of important areas of engineering involving mechanical, electrical, telecommunication, aerospace, chemical, biochemical, and biomedical applications. There is, however, no single satisfactory definition of engineering plastics. According to one definition, engineering plastics are those which possess physical properties enabling them to perform for prolonged use in structural applications, over a wide temperature range, under mechanical stress and in difficult chemical and physical environments. In the most general sense, however, all polymers are engineering materials, in that they offer specific properties which we judge quantitatively in the design of end-use applications.
Potential and Challenges of High-Performance Plastic Gears
Published in Stephen P. Radzevich, Dudley's Handbook of Practical Gear Design and Manufacture, 2021
C. M. Illenberger, T. Tobie, K. Stahl
With respect to saving resources and the increasing importance of CO2 neutral products, requirements for the environmental sustainability of plastic components will become increasingly important in the future. At present, only a small proportion of engineering plastics is recycled at all, while production is very energy- and resource-intensive. The recirculation and recycling of plastic components as well as the development of bio-based and biodegradable technical materials has hardly been researched so far and has to be considered in the near future.
Overview of the Automotive Plastics Market
Published in Rose A. Ryntz, Philip V. Yaneff, Coatings Of Polymers And Plastics, 2003
Susan J. Babinec, Martin C. Cornell
durable goods applications, and thus also enjoy a significant global volume. The engineering plastics include polyurethanes (PU) and polyurea; acrylonitrile/ butadiene/styrene (ABS) and styrene/acrylonitrile (SAN) copolymers; polycarbonates (PC); polyamides (PA); and polybutylene terephthalates (PBT) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) polyesters. As replacement for metals, they offer the combination of inherent corrosion resistance and high strength. Examples of such applications include fencing, park benches, and automotive fuel tanks and exterior components.
Experimental Analysis and Wear Prediction Model for Unfilled Polymer–Polymer Sliding Contacts
Published in Tribology Transactions, 2019
Vikram Ramesh, Julien van Kuilenburg, Wessel W. Wits
Polymers and engineering plastics are increasingly used in functional parts because they are easy to produce, lighter compared to metals, and possess other advantageous properties such as corrosion resistance and good electric and heat insulation. Finally, they can be produced in high volumes at a relatively low cost when injection molded, making them ideal for many applications, such as consumer products and household appliances and in the automotive industry. From a design and cost perspective, it is beneficial to integrate the sliding contact functionality directly into the part rather than having to assemble and align a separate bearing system later on during product assembly. However, designing a long-lasting polymer–polymer sliding contact is very challenging for design engineers because the parameters that influence the polymer sliding contacts are hard to predict. In 2009, Azeem Ashraf, et al. (4) presented a numerical simulation to predict wear for a polymer–polymer sliding surface contact in dry conditions. However, their model requires averaged wear rates from experimental work, for which one material combination was examined.
Demonstration of the MOEX Process Using Additive-Manufacturing-Fabricated Annular Centrifugal Contactors
Published in Solvent Extraction and Ion Exchange, 2020
Peter A. Kozak, Peter Tkac, Kent E. Wardle, M. Alex Brown, George F. Vandegrift
This study focuses on application of AM techniques for design, manufacture and R&D experimentation of bench-, lab- and small pilot-scale chemical processing equipment. Some of the features useful for such chemical engineering design that are enabled by AM include: Geometric flexibility – Compared to traditional subtractive methods (e.g., machining) and/or joining (e.g., welding, brazing), AM enables great flexibility of part geometry. It is possible to create complex parts with internal channeling, tailored surface features for desired fluid flow characteristics, or organic structural components for minimizing material use and part weight.Integration of multiple parts/assemblies – Multi-part components can often readily be combined into single assemblies for reduction in overall complexity, minimization of fabrication steps and decreased fabrication cost.Potential for low-cost plastic parts – As noted above, certain applications which would otherwise employ carefully machined metallic components that are cleanable for long-term reuse in multiple experiments can potentially instead use custom-fabricated plastic components for limited use, but which can be designed and optimized for individual experimental investigations and disposed of after use.Materials of construction – The use of engineering plastics can potentially expand the breadth of chemical process design space that can be explored. For example, usage with corrosive liquids such as hydrochloric acid is possible without resorting to costly metal alloys. Alternatively, metal components can also be fabricated using certain AM methods while still leveraging many of the advantages noted above.Scale-up and scale-down – While AM methods are particularly amenable to compact chemical process components, such fabrication methods can also aid in investigation of equipment scale-up. On the other hand, the component detail and geometric fidelity achievable with AM techniques also makes scale-down a possibility.