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Study on synthesis of polycarbonate by melt transesterification
Published in Binoy K. Saikia, Advances in Applied Chemistry and Industrial Catalysis, 2022
E. Yongsheng, Bin Liu, Fang Yang
Polycarbonate (PC) is a kind of excellent thermoplastic engineering plastics with outstanding impact resistance and creep resistance, and good heat resistance and cold resistance. It is widely used in automobile, electrical and electronic, communication equipment, packaging and other fields (Luo & Xiao 1997).
Polymers
Published in Yip-Wah Chung, Monica Kapoor, Introduction to Materials Science and Engineering, 2022
Because of their transparency, polycarbonates are often used in optical applications. The index of refraction at visible wavelengths is close to that of glass (~1.5) so that polycarbonates can directly replace glass, as in prescription lenses, aircraft windows, laminates for car windshields etc. Major advantages of polycarbonates over glass include better toughness and lighter weight. In recent years, polymers with larger refractive index are favored by consumers for prescription lenses (also known as high-index lenses) – for the same prescription, these high-index lenses are thinner and thus lighter and more comfortable to wear. Poly-propylene-sulfides have been reported to have a refractive index equal to 1.78 at 589 nm, the highest refractive index among all polymers as of 2021.
Plastics
Published in Sherif D. El Wakil, Processes and Design for Manufacturing, 2019
These are actually polyesters. They are thermoplastic and have linear molecular chains. Polycarbonate exhibits good toughness, good creep resistance, and low moisture absorption. It also has good chemical resistance. It is widely used in automotive and medical and food packaging because of its cost-effectiveness. It is also considered a high-performance polymer and has found application in the form of solar collectors, helmets, and face shields.
Assessment of polycarbonate material as a sustainable substitute for glazing in hot climates
Published in International Journal of Sustainable Energy, 2023
Mohammed Alhaji Mohammed, Mazin M. Menkabo, Ismail M. Budaiwi
Petroleum-based polymers account for approximately 99% of all plastics manufactured today (Rabnawaz et al. 2017), with China, the world’s largest plastic producer, estimated to have 305 Mt (219 kg/capita) in use as of 2017, with 60% in the building and construction industries (Jiang et al. 2020). The worldwide plastics sector accounts for 16% of oil consumption (Jiang et al. 2020). It will account for 15% of the global carbon budget through GHG emissions by 2050 (Zheng and Suh 2019). Polymer-based high-end products, which have high potential to be manufactured locally and add value to buildings and constructions, are part of Saudi Arabia’s 2030 vision. Among these polymer-based materials are polycarbonate, which can provide daylight, a view of the building, and better thermal insulation than ordinary glass. Polycarbonate (PC) accounts for most engineering plastics applications, as it attracts special attention and plays a vital role in various disciplines due to its outstanding qualities, including excellent transparency, thermal stability lightweight, durability, fire, weather, and UV resistance (Fukuoka et al. 2019; Moretti et al. 2018). It is currently used globally in green building and skylight applications due to its numerous advantages compared to ordinary Glass (Moretti et al. 2018; Al-Obaidi, Ismail, and Abdul Rahman 2013).
Positive bias in particulate matter emissions data due to sulfur dioxide adsorption and oxidation on glass fiber filters
Published in Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, 2021
Jonas Gilbert, Rafael Sartim, Marcos E. Suringar, John Richards
A pure air gas stream was mixed with a SO2 protocol one gas and then introduced to a jet nebulizer in a heated line. The mixture was a 10:1 air to SO2 laden gas stream to yield a 95.1 ppm SO2 sample gas stream. A regulator and rotameter were used at the source of each compressed gas to control the gas flow rate. This saturated gas was heated to 120°C and passed through the filter media being tested. The filter media was housed within a heated chamber. An IsoporeTM 47 mm back-up polycarbonate filter was placed after the first filter holder to capture any fibers released from the test filter. Based on the manufacturer’s data, the polycarbonate filter can withstand temperatures up to 140°C (Sigma-Aldrich 2021). Therefore, the polycarbonate filter was housed in a separate heating chamber at 105°C to avoid moisture condensing on the polycarbonate filter. The filters being tested were weighed before and after the tests to quantify the filter loss. The polycarbonate filters were analyzed for loose fiber presence using light microscopy. The condenser impingers were weighed before and after the test runs to measure captured moisture.
Influence of cold-rolling on incremental sheet forming of polycarbonate
Published in Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 2020
Massimo Durante, Antonio Formisano, Luca Boccarusso, Antonio Langella
Polycarbonate represents one of the most interesting polymers, due to its fascinating properties; it is a lightweight and 100% recyclable amorphous thermoplastic and combines high durability, shatter resistance, thermostability, good electrical insulation and excellent transparency.[13] Then, it is an outstanding engineering plastic for applications like optical/lighting, glass replacement, medical packaging, automotive engineering, household, electrical and safety products.[14] Parent polycarbonate is an isotropic elastoplastic material; its mechanical behavior is very different from metals and is strongly influenced by working conditions. In fact, metals present crystalline lattices of atoms (more or less well-ordered), whereas polymers present molecules of carbon atoms bonded into long chains resembling a tangled collection of yarn scraps; these chains can rearrange themselves into infinite different conformations as a function of several parameters, such as the stress level.[15]