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Ecosystem Services: Evaluation
Published in Yeqiao Wang, Terrestrial Ecosystems and Biodiversity, 2020
The scarcity of an ecosystem service is also usually a function of geography. Scarcity—and the availability of substitutes—matters to economic assessment because, all else equal, value increases with scarcity. For example, the value of irrigation water depends on the availability (and hence location) of alternative water sources. If wetlands are plentiful in an area, then a given wetland may be less valuable as a source of flood pulse attenuation than it might be in a region in which it is the only such resource. Finally, many ecosystem goods and services are valuable only if they are bundled with certain man-made assets. These assets are called “complements” because they complement the value of the ecosystem service. Recreational fishing and kayaking require docks or other forms of access. For example, a beautiful vista yields social value when people have access to it. Access may require infrastructure— roads, trails, parks, and housing, all of which are spatially configured.
Ocean Beaches, Lakes, Quarries, Springs, and Canals
Published in John R. Fletemeyer, Ivonne Schmid, Principles and Practices of Aquatic Law, 2018
Docks are manmade structures constructed from concrete, pressure-treated, or synthetic wood. Docks have several functions. Boat docks are the most common types of docks, ranging in size from small, private docks a few feet wide and a few feet long to mammoth-sized docks able to accommodate large ocean-going vessels. Docks are found in both fresh and salt water environments. This section applies to docks located in both.
An AIS-Based approach for measuring waterway resiliency: a case study of Houston ship channel
Published in Maritime Policy & Management, 2023
Sepideh Zohoori, Masood Jafari Kang, Maryam Hamidi, Reza Maihami
Following the same reason, it is possible to narrow down the assumed segments in the scale of a single dock or terminal. Docks are located along a channel and act as terminals where vessels get loading or unloading services. To perform the spatial analysis, it is necessary to have each dock’s location and shape in the AoI. For the sake of simplicity, we only collect the docks’ locations and apply the buffering technique to define the effective polygon of docks. The buffer technique takes a point and the buffering radius as inputs and creates a circle polygon whose center and radius are the given point and radius. Finally, we get the intersect of AIS records and the buffer area of docks and determine the dock number of each AIS point. Clearly, the dock number is defined for moored vessels, and the dock number of in-transit vessels would be null.