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Improving Irrigation Water use Efficiency: A Solution for Future Water Need
Published in Ajai Singh, Wastewater Reuse and Watershed Management, 2019
Irrigated agriculture contributes nearly 40% of total food and fiber production worldwide. But, the paradox is that the productive irrigated land base and available water is declining day by day. This necessitates the need for optimal use of land and water resources so that crop yield is maximized per unit volume of water per unit land area. Studies show that there is a greater possibility to raise the productivity of water and minimize of the negative effects of water deficits on yields and quality through management of soil water than with genetic approaches (biotechnology and breeding). Properly managed deficit irrigation strategies can reduce agricultural and urban water use and conserve water to an appreciable extent; however, it needs excellent control of the timing and amounts of the applied water.
Irrigation Water Resources
Published in A. Zaman, Md. Hedayetullah, Sustainable Water Resource Development and Management, 2022
Water productivity increment under deficit irrigation meets up the less water demand of crops. Under deficit irrigation crop may face severe water stress conditions and yield of crop may reduce. But lifesaving of water gives expected yield of crops where irrigated crops get more use of water instead of rain-fed crops. Under deficit irrigation farmers provides one or two irrigation for their crops and this crop selection is important to that zone because short duration pulse and oil seed crops selection is the criteria for production. Different irrigation methods depend upon the land situation and topography. In hilly areas, sprinkler irrigation is suitable whereas in orchard crops, drip irrigation is suitable for increased water use efficiency.
Water Requirement of Drip-Irrigated Tomato Inside a Shade Net House
Published in Megh R. Goyal, Basamma K. Aladakatti, Pradeep Kumar, Engineering Interventions in Sustainable Trickle Irrigation, 2018
Priyanka Sharma, Mahesh Kothari, Pradip Dalavi
Deficit irrigation is a strategy that allows the crop to sustain some degree of water deficit in order to reduce costs and potentially increase income.11 Deficit irrigation consists of irrigating the root zone with less water than required for evapotranspiration. However, deficit irrigation for most vegetables such as tomato has been extensively studied, but with contrasting results.2 For example, Zegbe-Dominguez et al.18 revealed that tomato dry mass yield did not decrease under deficit irrigation compared to full irrigation, besides making a 50% saving in water and approximately 200% increase in irrigation water use efficiency and relevant fruit quality attributes were improved.
Moving beyond ‘more crop per drop’: insights from two decades of research on agricultural water productivity
Published in International Journal of Water Resources Development, 2021
Meredith Giordano, Susanne M. Scheierling, David O. Tréguer, Hugh Turral, Peter G. McCornick
Studies on this pathway discuss as possible interventions management practices for improving the timing of water supplies using supplemental irrigation or deficit irrigation. In dry regions, moisture availability, especially during critical periods, is frequently the most significant factor limiting agricultural production (Hessari, Bruggeman, Akhoond-Ali, Oweis, & Abbasi, 2012; Oweis, Hachum, & Kijne, 1999). Several longer term studies, conducted in northern Syria, found that rainfall supplemented by irrigation increases water productivity (in terms of yield per unit of water consumed) in wheat systems by alleviating moisture stress during the most sensitive stages of crop growth period (Oweis & Hachum, 2003; Oweis et al., 1999; Zhang & Oweis, 1999). Supplemental irrigation combined with deficit irrigation likewise increased water productivity through improved yields, compared with rainfed conditions (Oweis & Hachum, 2003; Zhang & Oweis, 1999).
Regulatory role of folic acid in biomass production and physiological activities of Coriandrum sativum L. under irrigation regimes
Published in International Journal of Phytoremediation, 2022
Muhammad Tajammal Khan, Shakil Ahmed, Anis Ali Shah
To cope with the increasing water shortage challenge, growers can adopt water-saving strategies, such as deficit irrigation practices, which may expose plants to a certain degree of water stress (Shareef et al. 2018). Therefore, a strategic approach must be devised to enhance the tolerance of this valuable plant to water stress. Various technologies have been deployed to reduce water stress in plants, including the use of plant activators, breeding strategies, drip irrigation, and application of molecular and genomic tools (Osakabe et al. 2014). The number of studies have been reported extensively related to the exogenous and foliar application of proline, ethylene, auxins, abscisic acid, brassinosteroids, glycinebetaine, salicyclic acid, gibberellins, polyamines, cytokinins, and jasmonates under water stress to alleviating tolerance in various plants (Hussain et al. 2018). The regulatory roles of folic acid (FA; vitamin B9) are still unrevealed properly and very little information is available in plants associated with their capability against water stress. It has been found that 50 mM FA solution alleviated the negative effects of biotic stress by improving germination rate, seedling growth, and stomatal density that lead to resistance against abiotic stress in Barley (Kilic and Aca 2016). Foliar application of FA also showed significant results in improving the growth and yield of a pea at the concentration of 20 mg/l (Farouk and Qados 2018). Further, the recent findings give strong evidence related to the association of FA in plant physiological mechanisms, such as light response, stress response, and carbon and nitrogen metabolisms (Ibrahim et al. 2021). So, we assumed that it may be used as novel growth activators to increase the growth and yield of plants under water stress exclusively in C. sativum.
Automatic extraction of canopy and artificial reference temperatures for determination of crop water stress indices by using thermal imaging technique and a fuzzy-based image-processing algorithm
Published in Quantitative InfraRed Thermography Journal, 2022
Pedram Shoa, Abbas Hemmat, Rassoul Amirfattahi, Mahdi Gheysari
It is well known that fresh water resources are reducing all around the world as the consequence of increased population and urbanisation. In such a time, farmers which are accused to be a large consumer of fresh water, must use non-conventional irrigation methods to increase water use efficiency (WUE) [1]. To achieve this goal, new irrigation methods have been proposed such as deficit irrigation (DI) in which a degree of water stress is sensed by plant before irrigating the field. Therefore, the plant water status should be monitored precisely.