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Next step end-of-lifetime: Chances of reusing single storey halls
Published in Airong Chen, Xin Ruan, Dan M. Frangopol, Life-Cycle Civil Engineering: Innovation, Theory and Practice, 2021
Deconstruction is a special way of demolition with the goal, to keep as much from structures intact for a latter use as possible. The conceptual idea for matching deconstructing techniques is the “reverse building” technique (Hechler et al. 2011).
Application
Published in Andrew Braham, Sadie Casillas, Fundamentals of Sustainability in Civil Engineering, 2020
Designing for deconstruction requires the building’s end of life (the fifth life cycle stage) be considered during the design phase. Deconstruction is a demolition method whereby a structure is carefully and methodically disassembled in order to salvage the maximum number of components (2007, Webster). This methodology is also referred to as “design for disassembly.” Ideally, this approach encourages not only recycling but also material reuse. Recycling materials is beneficial when compared to using more virgin materials; however, recycling can require a large quantity of energy and therefore contribute significantly to pollution. Reuse does not require any sort of re-manufacturing, so the environmental impact is even lower than recycling. For example, if a steel column is removed from one building, refabricated, and then placed into a new building, this is considered reuse. If, on the other hand, the column is sent to a mill and merged with other scrap steel, rolled into a new section, fabricated into a new column, and then installed in a new building, the steel is recycled.
The Whole House Reuse Project
Published in Atiq Zaman, Tahmina Ahsan, Zero-Waste, 2019
Demolition generally takes place at the end-of-life phase of a residential building. The traditional demolition process involves knocking down buildings using heaving machinery without caring much about waste materials; as a result, most of the demolition waste is generally sent to landfills. Demolition is an opportunity lost because lots of useable and valuable materials are lost forever due to landfill. Construction material prices are rapidly increasing, resulting in higher housing price (Shiller, 2007). On the contrary, the deconstruction of buildings, which is ‘systematic disassembly of buildings in order to maximize recovered materials reuse and recycling’, involves carefully taking apart portions of buildings or removing their contents with the primary goal of reuse in mind (CIB, 2005; NAHB, 2000). Due to growing awareness of environmental issues and global climate change, systematic deconstruction is seen as an alternative to demolition. In addition, demolition could positively contribute to housing affordability by reusing and recycling construction materials.
Integrating complete disassembly planning with deconstructability assessment to facilitate designing deconstructable buildings
Published in Architectural Engineering and Design Management, 2023
Mehran Mahmoudi Motahar, Seyed Hossein Hosseini Nourzad, Fateme Rahimi
DSP can be classified into two categories: selective (or partial) disassembly planning, where only some components are selected to be dismantled, and complete disassembly planning, in which all parts are disassembled, and the planning procedure embraces all elements in an assembly (Mahmoudi Motahar & Hosseini Nourzad, 2022; Smith & Hung, 2015). Complete disassembly planning elevates and reaps the benefits of reuse or recycling by considering all parts for the disassembly process, lessening the environmental impacts (Smith, Hsu, & Smith, 2016). Deconstruction is the process of complete or partial disassembling of a building to enhance the reuse or recycling possibility of components and materials (Akinade et al., 2015; Kibert, 2008). Thus, the complete or selective disassembly may be used through force of each case's circumstances; accordingly, both disassembly methods must be available for proper implementation of deconstruction.
BIM uses for deconstruction: an activity-theoretical perspective on reorganising end-of-life practices
Published in Construction Management and Economics, 2021
Marc van den Berg, Hans Voordijk, Arjen Adriaanse
Such new possibilities for deconstruction could support the imperative change towards reuse-oriented activities. Kibert (2016, p. 480) describes deconstruction as “construction in reverse” in which a building is disassembled for the purpose of reusing its elements. This presents an emergent alternative for conventional demolition, the complete elimination of all parts of a building (Thomsen et al. 2011). Deconstruction has been advocated for its environmental benefits as it prevents the extraction of virgin materials, cuts the associated release of greenhouse gases, saves energy and water consumption and avoids solid waste disposal (Cooper and Gutowski 2015, Diyamandoglu and Fortuna 2015). It may also provide more financial benefits than demolition, but comes with increased complexity and risks that deter demolition contractors from its adoption (Pun et al. 2006). The shift towards reuse will nevertheless become increasingly necessary and politically mandated to cut the construction industry’s excessive waste production on the one hand (Cheshire 2016) and its strain on natural resources on the other hand (Iacovidou and Purnell 2016). Expanding BIM usage to deconstruction contexts may support this shift. This warrants examining possible changes to end-of-life activities through a practice-oriented theory.
Design for deconstruction using a circular economy approach: barriers and strategies for improvement
Published in Production Planning & Control, 2020
Olugbenga Akinade, Lukumon Oyedele, Ahmed Oyedele, Juan Manuel Davila Delgado, Muhammad Bilal, Lukman Akanbi, Anuoluwapo Ajayi, Hakeem Owolabi
Deconstruction is a building end-of-life scenario that allows the recovery of building components for building relocation, component reuse, recycling or remanufacture (Kibert 2008). Although the recovered material may be utilised for reuse, recycling or remanufacturing, the focus of deconstruction is material reuse. One could argue that the recycling and remanufacturing of building components is now common practice. However, a more beneficial and challenging task is the ability to relocate a building or reuse its components without reprocessing (Akinade et al. 2015). This is because building relocation and components reuse require minimal energy compared to recycling and remanufacturing. Figure 1 shows how deconstruction enables a closed material loop and circular economy conditions at the end of life of buildings. Reuse is a process where salvaged building components are used ‘as-is’ without any repair or upgrade (Nordby et al. 2009). Reuse is the most preferred end-of-life scenario because it requires no energy input compared to remanufacturing and reuse. Examples of building materials that could be reclaimed “as-is” and reused include brick, blocks, tiles and building components (doors, windows, radiators, etc.). Remanufacturing is the process of restoring salvaged materials to “like-new” condition. Remanufacturing sometimes require repair and replacement of damaged bit of the salvaged items to make them fit for usage. The process of remanufacturing usually requires intensive manual labour to isolate damages, repair and restore the item. Recycling is the process of converting salvaged materials into raw materials into the manufacturing of other building materials. Even so, recycling also includes the conversion of salvaged materials into aggregates and additives. Georgakellos (2006) argues that the process of transforming salvaged materials into raw materials could be criticised because its environmental impact could exceed the environmental benefits. However, a recycling process that requires less energy for processing and production will be more plausible to justify the adoption of recycling (Blengini 2009). Example of recycling would be the use of rubbles as construction aggregate that is used as infilling materials and recycling reinforcement steel bars.