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A mixed methods engaged study of divergent imaginaries in Bergen's mobility transition
Published in Farid Karimi, Michael Rodi, Energy Transition in the Baltic Sea Region, 2022
Siddharth Sareen, Devyn Remme, Amber Nordholm, Katinka Wågsæther
The same logic of incentives can be extended to the more complex issue of multi-modal transport. Bergen municipality has signed an Urban Growth Agreement, circumscribed by the federal Zero Growth Objective, which calls for “zero growth” (“null vekst” in Norwegian) in urban car traffic while prioritising public and non-motorised transport. Accordingly, urban planners are working to reduce car parking spaces in the city centre, increase use of car sharing schemes, expand the light rail (“Bybanen”), increase bus services including electric buses and enhance bicycling infrastructure. In 2021, an old tram route was re-established after decades; an important symbolic nod to a shifting socio-technical imaginary of urban mobility. It runs adjacent to Bergen's first car-free zone of Møhlenpris, and the municipality is actively pursuing multiple car-free zones in the suburbs.
Saving nature with bits and bytes?
Published in Steffen Lange, Tilman Santarius, Smart Green World?, 2020
Steffen Lange, Tilman Santarius
The environmental risks of private and commercial vehicular transport contrast with the major opportunities presented by digitalization in the field of public and shared-use transport. Indeed, after decades of striving by environmentalists and politicians to encourage greater use of public and shared-use forms of transport, digitalization could trigger the breakthrough they have been waiting for. An example is the widespread expansion of carsharing schemes in towns and cities. Several independent studies have shown that greenhouse gas emissions can be reduced by about 20–25 per cent if station-based carsharing replaces the use of private cars.117 Apps make it easier to rent shared station-based cars and make schemes more flexible. Digitalization gives rise to additional options, such as peer-to-peer sharing of private vehicles via platforms such as Drivy and SnappCar.
Sharing, materialism, and design for sustainability
Published in Jonathan Chapman, Routledge Handbook of Sustainable Product Design, 2017
The car-sharing and ride-sharing sectors of collaborative consumption are often given the greatest attention because they have the greatest opportunity to positively affect the environment through reducing automobile ownership, parking acreage, air pollution and traffic congestion. But home-sharing services like Airbnb and CouchSurfing also reduce the amount of water use, land use and energy use compared to hotels (Dechert, 2014). As we have seen, there are issues to be worked out in terms of fairness, regulation, externalities, taxation and other aspects of the Sharing Revolution. But a movement of this magnitude signals another unique affordance of the Internet and Web 2.0. We have not yet seen the end of growth in resulting collaborative consumption opportunities and adoption of existing sharing opportunities, Because there are battles being waged between the old economy and the new economy, it is too early to say just how much impact these changes will have. Witness the up and down battle between the music industry and P2P file-sharing. Much of the battle has already been won. Imagine going back to print encyclopedias and printed library catalog cards instead of online information searches using Google.
Analysis of system parameters for one-way carsharing systems
Published in Transportation Letters, 2022
Recently, carsharing has grown rapidly in several countries as an alternative to vehicle ownership. The concept of carsharing involves sharing a small number of reserved cars that will be used individually by a larger number of individuals as required. Carsharing is attractive to individuals who occasionally use vehicles since it allows individuals to gain the benefits of using private cars without the costs and responsibilities associated with car ownership. Carsharing systems are different from traditional car rental systems since carsharing is primarily designed to provide short-term services for short distance trips. It is considered as an extension of the transportation network that provides public service to enhance mobility options. The benefits of carsharing include cost savings by reducing personal vehicle ownership, reduction of congestion, improvements in urban air quality, and reduction in the demand for parking spaces.
Predicting shared-car use and examining nonlinear effects using gradient boosting regression trees
Published in International Journal of Sustainable Transportation, 2021
Tao Wang, Songhua Hu, Yuan Jiang
In general, carsharing programs have developed two distinct modes, namely round-trip mode and one-way mode (Shaheen & Cohen, 2013). In round-trip mode, users are required to return rental cars to their origins; while in one-way mode, users only need to return cars to proximate shared-car stations or even just a general geographic area near their destinations. These characteristics, particularly one-way sharing, have proven very attractive to users. In a recent report, one-way carsharing accounted for 30.98% of members and 26.0% of fleets of all types of carsharing by October 2016 (Shaheen et al., 2018). Compared with its market share in 2014, one-way carsharing had a 76% increase in members and a 23% increase in the number of shared-cars during the two years. Due to such convenience and promising growth, carsharing has been considered as a way to reduce car ownership and vehicle miles traveled, which in return would help alleviate congestion and reduce pollution (Bulteau et al., 2019).
The role of shared autonomous vehicle systems in delivering smart urban mobility: A systematic review of the literature
Published in International Journal of Sustainable Transportation, 2021
Fahimeh Golbabaei, Tan Yigitcanlar, Jonathan Bunker
On-demand mobility—service incorporation of both carsharing (e.g., Zipcar, car2go) and ridesharing (e.g., Uber, Lyft) (Jones & Leibowicz, 2019)—and automation, particularly in an integrated demonstration as shared autonomous vehicles (SAVs), have been introduced as a sustainable solution to the challenges of urban mobility—e.g., car ownership, vehicle kilometers traveled (VKT), congestion, traffic safety, urban form, and environmental impacts (Brownell & Kornhauser, 2014; Jones & Leibowicz, 2019; Kornhauser et al., 2013). It is projected that forthcoming AVs are likely to be internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs) or hybrid engine vehicles (HEVs), which might lead to less air pollution (Javanshour et al., 2019; Patella et al., 2019). Moreover, on-demand mobility could solve the first/last mile problem, enable more individuals from different cohorts to access the traditional mass transit, hence complementing it (Krueger et al., 2016; Menon et al., 2019). Alternatively, it may compete with deficient transport along with the necessity of having a personal vehicle (Smolnicki & Sołtys, 2016; Yigitcanlar et al., 2019b).