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Voluntary carbon offset schemes in the airline industry
Published in Frank Fichert, Peter Forsyth, Hans-Martin Niemeier, Aviation and Climate Change, 2020
Andreas Knorr, Alexander Eisenkopf
An offset is a counterbalancing equivalent. With regard to GHG emissions, it refers to the “act of reducing or avoiding GHG emissions in one place in order to ‘offset’ GHG emissions occurring somewhere else” (Trexler Climate + Energy Services, 2006). The ecological background is that contrary to local pollutants, which should be addressed at their very source, it does not matter where on the globe GHG emissions are mitigated. Moreover, carbon offset offers the opportunity to take advantage of the “radically different costs and practicalities of achieving GHG emission reductions by sector and geography” (ibid.). The term carbon neutrality describes a situation when all CO2, though not necessarily all GHG emissions resulting from whatever activity, have successfully been offset.
2 Emissions and Mitigate Climate Change
Published in Maniruzzaman A. Aziz, Khairul Anuar Kassim, Wan Azelee Wan Abu Bakar, Aminaton Marto, Syed Anuar Faua’ad Syed Muhammad, Fossil Free Fuels, 2019
Farahiyah Abdul Rahman, Maniruzzaman A. Aziz
“Carbon neutrality” has at least four terms to describe the concept, including “carbon neutral,” “climate neutral,” “carbon-free,” and “carbon clean” [9]. Carbon neutrality, or having a net zero carbon footprint, refers to achieving net zero carbon emissions by balancing a measured amount of carbon released with an equivalent amount sequestered or offset, or buying enough carbon credits to make up the difference. It is used in the context of carbon dioxide releasing processes associated with transportation, energy production, and industrial processes such as the production of carbon-neutral fuel [10]. In other words, this means taking action to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions to zero, and then “offsetting” an equivalent amount of any remaining emissions [11].
Buildings and Climate Change
Published in Pablo La Roche, Carbon-Neutral Architectural Design, 2017
A carbon-neutral building is one in which total emissions are equal to zero. Carbon neutrality is accomplished by reducing the emissions in the different categories as much as possible and then offsetting the emissions. There are differences based on the emissions that are considered, but the definition is the same; emissions produced must be offset by renewable sources. If only emissions from energy are considered, then Equation 1.2 is used. In this case, the emissions from nonrenewable energy are offset by the generation of renewable energy (or partially by carbon offsets). (
Achieving carbon neutrality via supply chain management: position paper and editorial for IJPR special issue
Published in International Journal of Production Research, 2023
S. C. Lenny Koh, Fu (Jeff) Jia, Yu (Jack) Gong, Xiaoxue Zheng, Alexandre Dolgui
Carbon neutrality is a state in which an organisation or individual balances the amount of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions they produce with the amount removed from the atmosphere (Chen 2021; de Sousa Jabbour et al. 2019). The concept of carbon neutrality is rooted in the principle that reducing GHG emissions is necessary to mitigate the impact of climate change and global warming. Achieving carbon neutrality involves a combination of strategies, including reducing emissions, shifting to low-carbon technologies, and offsetting remaining emissions through the purchase of carbon credits or the use of carbon sinks (Ghosh, Jha, and Sharma 2020) Carbon neutrality is a critical goal for organisations, governments, and individuals worldwide, given the urgent need to mitigate the impact of climate change and global warming (Zhang et al. 2022a). By achieving carbon neutrality, organisations can reduce their carbon footprint and contribute to the global effort to reduce GHG emissions, thereby creating a more sustainable future.
Numerical Simulations of Laminar Film Condensation of H2O/Air or H2O/CO2 on a Vertical Plate
Published in Heat Transfer Engineering, 2023
Junhui Lu, Kexin Ren, JinJing Tang, Suilin Wang
To realize carbon neutrality, it is very important to reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Carbon capture and storage is a promising technology to decrease CO2 emissions. The gas exhaust from the power industry and coal supercritical water gasification systems after carbon capture are always the H2O/CO2 mixture, which needs to be separated using the promising method condensation [1–3]. The condensation separation of H2O/CO2 determines the storage and reutilization of CO2 that is always treated as noncondensable gas during condensation [4–6]. The condensation heat transfer is seriously restricted by the noncondensable gas which accumulates at the interface and is the main heat transfer resistance [7–10]. If the system contains even a small amount of noncondensable gas, the condensation efficiency is significantly reduced and the operating cost is significantly increased.
Carbon emission management of coal power plant from the perspective of production planning in China
Published in Journal of Industrial and Production Engineering, 2023
Xiaolong Zhang, Yadong Dou, Chuchen Zhang, Liwei Ding, Hongkun Lv
Several studies were conducted to solve problems in low-carbon technology. Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) is widely recognized as a key technology for achieving carbon neutrality. Fan et al. [16] established a source-sink matching model, and used the levelized cost of energy approach to evaluate the cost of electricity generation after retrofitting CCUS projects. Also, Andrey et al. [17] developed a construction of a high-power supercritical CO2 gas turbine with optimal thermodynamic parameters. Liu [18] proposed a configuration method of low-carbon equipment in the integrated energy system considering life cycle carbon emissions. In addition, Mohammad et al. [19] designed a green-resilient supply chain network and proposed a new risk mitigation strategy in a bi-objective mixed-integer linear model. These methods depend on technical enhancements of the facility and equipment, and just focus on local optimization for carbon emission reduction in enterprises and may require additional effort for satisfactory implementation.