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Rapid Wall Gypsum Panels/Gyperete
Published in Manjit Singh, Gypsum & Gypsum Products, 2023
Steel, Cement, Sand, Concrete and blocks, RCC, Bricks etc. are the building materials currently used for building and construction. Extensive use of these materials adversely affect the environment. Occurrence of natural disasters like earthquakes, cyclones, high tides, fire etc. have become more frequent than ever before. Design and construction of disaster resistant houses and buildings are very costly and unaffordable to the common people/masses who in most such disasters bear the brunt. Their unsafe houses and structures can not withstand such fury of the nature.
Computational modeling of FRC: From 3D printing to robust design
Published in Alphose Zingoni, Current Perspectives and New Directions in Mechanics, Modelling and Design of Structural Systems, 2022
G. Meschke, G. Neu, V. Gudžulić, J. Reinold, T. Iskhakov
Concrete is one of the most used building materials globally. Considering its CO2 footprint, sustainability and environmental impact inherently arise as relevant questions. In the past decades, significant progress has been made in improving the performance of concrete structures, in which FRC designs play a substantial role. Enhancing the material and structural performance needs adequate models and design approaches to take full advantage of the potential benefits. This contribution presents a methodology to simulate various stages of the manufacturing process of FRC structures as a supporting tool for the design of efficient concrete structures. The starting point is the simulation of the casting of fresh fiber-reinforced concrete, focussing on 3D printing processes, followed by the analysis of the crack-bridging response of individual fibers, which is upscaled to the structural level in the context of a stochastic multi-level modeling strategy. The performance of this approach is demonstrated by optimizing the design of tunnel lining segments.
Modern advances and applications of sprayed concrete
Published in E.Stefan Bernard, Shotcrete: Engineering Developments, 2020
Concrete can be considered as the most cost-effective, versatile building material, and when used with steel reinforcement, virtually all structural elements, even complex shapes can be formed. As conventional concrete is placed in its fluid state, there are often significant costs associated with the necessary shutters and formwork to hold the concrete in position whilst it sets and hardens. Sprayed concrete addresses this drawback by being able to be placed by spraying to a required structural geometry facilitated by the fast setting characteristics of the concrete mix, negating the need for shutters.
Interdependence of shrinkage behavior between wood macroscopic and cellular level during moisture content loss
Published in Drying Technology, 2022
Yufa Gao, Yongdong Zhou, Zongying Fu
Wood is an acknowledged “carbon negative” building material because more carbon is solidified during the growth of trees than is released during the production and use of wood.[1] In recent years, the concept of green building has become mainstream, as the customers are becoming aware of the potential environmental benefits of using wood in construction engineering. As a green and renewable building material, wood has many positive characteristics, including superior strength-to-weight, lightweight, heat insulation, processability, and better seismic performance.[2] However, there is usually abundant water in the green wood, and many of the challenges of using wood as an engineering material arise from changes in moisture content (MC) within the wood. Therefore, the drying treatment is a necessary procedure before the use of wood in construction engineering.[3,4] The excessive MC in wood could lead to the deformation, cracks, fungal, and insect attacks of wood, which are potential threats to wooden structures’ service life and safety.[5–7]
Glued-in multiple steel rod connections in cross-laminated timber
Published in The Journal of Adhesion, 2022
Gbenga Solomon Ayansola, Thomas Tannert, till Vallee
Wood is arguably considered the only viable option to significantly lower the construction industry’s environmental footprint. Unlike concrete and steel, wood is the only renewable building material currently available.[1] Thanks to the development of engineered wood products, timber engineering has moved in the last decades from traditional carpentry to a high-tech industry .[2] Among the mass timber products on the market, cross-laminated timber (CLT) allows the extension of wood products from linear to planar structural elements.[3] CLT consists of sawn lumber lamellas glued together in alternating directions to create panels with high in-plane strength and stiffness.[4] Besides innovations in materials technology, modern timber engineering heavily relies on improved joining techniques, [5,6] one of them is the so-called glued-in rod (abbreviated GiR) consisting of the timber adherend, a rod, and an adhesive.
A Case Study from Istanbul’s Westernization Period: The Technical Documentation of Prinkipo Palace
Published in International Journal of Architectural Heritage, 2022
Despite the seemingly increased amount of industrial construction materials, wood remained an essential building material due to its relatively low cost compared to that of mostly imported alternative components (Bachmann and Tanman 2008; Tanyeli 2004; Yergün 2002). In the late 19th century, imported steam-powered woodworking machines affected traditional timber construction techniques in Istanbul towards standardization, rationalization and prefabrication, within the century, timber-preference in construction evolved from a traditional technique into an industrialized one (Acar 2017; Acar and Deniz 2016; Dutu et al. 2018; Tanyeli 2004). Thus, many architectural examples were combining local timber and masonry beyond traditional practices (Somer 2016; Yakartepe and Binan 2011). During this era, covering masonry structures with timber claddings, combining iron, timber, and masonry elements in construction, and mimicking masonry ornamentations using timber was widespread (Figure 1). This is also reflected in Prinkipo Palace by its exterior appearance with key characteristics and materials of traditional Turkish architecture, and its interior layout, and functions and materials with Western features.