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Aerobic Granulation at Different Carbon Sources and Concentrations
Published in Yu Liu, Wastewater Purification, 2007
Aerobic granulation is a gradual process from seed sludge to compact aggregates, further to granular sludge, and finally to mature granules. The formation of aerobic granules is insensitive to the substrate carbon source because granules can be formed with organic or inorganic carbon source, or toxic wastewater. However, substrate characteristics had a profound impact on the microbial structure and the diversity of aerobic granules. Aerobic granules can be formed in a relatively wide range of substrate concentrations and substrate N/COD ratios. This would make aerobic granular sludge technology applicable to low-strength wastewater, such as sewage, and to high-strength wastewater treatment, such as industrial waste.
Effect of transient pH variation on microbial activity and physical characteristics of aerobic granules treating 4-chlorophenol
Published in Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A, 2020
Iván Moreno-Andrade, Idania Valdez-Vazquez, Antonio López-Rodríguez
The aerobic granulation of biomass is an advantageous and attractive way to improve biological wastewater treatment for industrial applications, including wastewaters polluted with toxic compounds.[17] Despite the higher capacity of granules to resist transient changes in pH compared with the flocculent sludge, the results showed that pH control could be necessary to avoid a loss of CI and microorganism activity as well as a reduction of the size of aerobic granules when exposed to wastewaters with a pH highly variable. Studies on the resilience and effect of long-term changes in pH on the aerobic granular sludge need to be considered for the application of this technology in industrial wastewater treatment.
Aerobic granular sludge formation in a sequencing batch reactor treating agro-industrial digestate
Published in Environmental Technology, 2021
Alessandra Carucci, Giovanna Cappai, Giovannimatteo Erby, Stefano Milia
Different hypotheses have been proposed for explaining aerobic granular biomass formation in sequencing batch reactors. Among them, the four-step hypothesis based on cell to cell interactions (1), attachment of bacteria and formation of aggregates (2), enhanced attachment by EPS (extracellular polymeric substances) production (3) and shaping of granules in aerobic granulation (4) is a widely accepted model for aerobic granular sludge formation [21]. Hydraulic shear stress, feast-famine regime, and short settling times are considered important triggering and selective forces for aerobic granular sludge formation and selection in sequencing batch reactors [22].