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Meteorology: Tropical
Published in Yeqiao Wang, Atmosphere and Climate, 2020
A tropical cyclone is a non-frontal, cyclonic circulation (counterclockwise swirling winds in the Northern Hemisphere and clockwise swirling winds in the Southern Hemisphere) in the tropics with organized convection. Based on the maximum sustained surface wind speed, tropical cyclones can be ranked into different categories (Table 27.1). A tropical cyclone with maximum sustained surface wind speed exceeding 33 m/s is called a hurricane over the Atlantic and the East Pacific, and a typhoon over the western North Pacific.
Modelling tropical cyclone risks for present and future climate change scenarios using geospatial techniques
Published in International Journal of Digital Earth, 2018
Muhammad Al-Amin Hoque, Stuart Phinn, Chris Roelfsema, Iraphne Childs
Tropical cyclones are considered as the most dangerous and devastating hydro-meteorological natural hazards of coastal regions. High storm surges, strong winds and heavy rainfall are the most common characteristics of land-falling tropical cyclones (Li and Li 2013). These destructive characteristics often cause widespread human, economic, social and environmental losses (Kumar et al. 2011; Brammer 2016). Many coastal areas across the world suffer regularly and frequently as a consequence of these disasters (Peduzzi et al. 2012; Hoque et al. 2017). On average, about 88 tropical cyclones form each year all over the world (Shultz, Russell, and Espinel 2005). Around 637 major tropical cyclones were reported within the period of 1970–2010 at the global level (Weinkle, Maue, and Pielke 2012).
Cyclone vulnerability assessment of the western coast of Bangladesh
Published in Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk, 2021
Muhammad Al-Amin Hoque, Biswajeet Pradhan, Naser Ahmed, Bayes Ahmed, Abdullah M. Alamri
Undertaking appropriate mitigation measures can reduce the loss and impacts of devastating tropical cyclones (Ahmed et al. 2016; Sattar and Cheung 2019). A comprehensive tropical cyclone vulnerability assessment can produce sufficient information to support effective mitigation measures (Hoque et al. 2017; Khan 2008; Saxena et al. 2013). Theoretically, vulnerability is defined as the extent of the susceptibility of the people, resources, and environments to the impacts of particular hazards which is determined by physical, social, economic, and environmental criteria (UNDRR 2009). Remote sensing data coupled with spatial analysis provides an efficient approach to assess the spatial tropical cyclone vulnerability (Hoque et al. 2017; Rao et al. 2013; Yin et al., 2013). Several criteria, directly and indirectly, influence the tropical cyclone vulnerability for any area (Mansour 2019). A vast amount of data in the form of spatial and non-spatial are required to evaluate the influence of criteria in the tropical cyclone vulnerability assessment (Mansour 2019). Several mapping approaches have been used for assessing spatial tropical cyclone vulnerability using geospatial techniques (Ali et al. 2020; Hoque et al. 2019; Mazumdar and Paul 2018; Rao et al. 2013). Multi-criteria integrating mapping techniques are considered best as these provide detailed spatial vulnerability information of tropical cyclone impacts (Alam et al. 2020; Ali et al. 2020). Among the spatial multi-criteria evaluation approaches, the Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP) is the most appropriate approach popularly used in the literature (Hategekimana et al. 2018; Tahri et al. 2017).