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Controlling Indoor Air Problems: How to Keep the Building Working Well
Published in H.E. Burroughs, Shirley J. Hansen, Managing Indoor Air Quality, 2020
H.E. Burroughs, Shirley J. Hansen
The selection of an air-cleaning system is based on the contaminants to be removed, such as the size of particles, and any specialized needs that must be met. For example, a special air scrubber system is used to remove carbon dioxide (CO2) in the closed system of a nuclear submarine; however, its high cost and maintenance needs make it impractical for ambient conditions in commercial buildings. In other circumstances, the centrifugal cyclone separator is dependent on the density of the particles, their size and the density of the air. Since very small particles cause little aerodynamic drag in a moving airstream due to their surface area versus mass, cyclone separators only have application in settings where larger particle removal is required, such as dust removal in industrial plants.
Design and development of double stage cyclone dust collector for incinerator
Published in Alka Mahajan, Parul Patel, Priyanka Sharma, Technologies for Sustainable Development, 2020
Normally, Cyclones are centrifugal separators. Design of cyclone separator consists of an upper cylindrical half noted as barrel and a lower conic half noted as cone. The vortex generated within the cyclone body due to the centrifugal force of flue gases. As air reaches to the bottom of the cone, it begins to flow radially inwards. Particles in the flue gases drop inside the dust collection chamber which is connected at the bottom of the cyclone. Cyclone separators are extremely economical for larger particles diameter (more than 10µm) and low efficiency for smaller diameter particles (less than 10µm). By employing a single cyclone will decrease overall efficiency and reduce the standard of air taking off. A second cyclone needed to extend the efficiency for the smaller diameter (Chen et al 2018). A two-stage cyclone separator is designed. The efficiency of first cyclone is more for large dust particles. The second cyclone has high separation efficiency for small dust particles. The two-stage cyclone separator is shown in Figure 1 and the geometry of a cyclone is set by dimensions as shown in Figure 2. In this paper velocity of air is considered 13 m/s.
Drying
Published in C. Anandharamakrishnan, S. Padma Ishwarya, Essentials and Applications of Food Engineering, 2019
C. Anandharamakrishnan, S. Padma Ishwarya
A cyclone separator is a stationary mechanical device that works on the principle of centrifugal separation to remove the solid particles from a carrier gas. It consists of an upper cylindrical part referred to as the barrel and a lower conical part referred to as the cone (Figure 10.20). The gas stream with the solid particles exiting the spray dryer enters tangentially at the top of the barrel and travels downward into the cone forming an outer vortex. The increasing air velocity in the outer vortex results in a centrifugal force on the particles which separates them from the gas stream. When the gas stream reaches the bottom of the cone, an inner vortex is created thus reversing its direction and leaving at the top as clean gas. The particulates accumulate in the collection chamber which is attached to the bottom of the cyclone.
Numerical investigations of cyclone separators with different cylinder-to-cone ratios
Published in Particulate Science and Technology, 2022
Ravi Shastri, R. P. Sharma, Lakhbir Singh Brar
Cyclone separators are inertial devices that are widely used in industries for separating dispersed phase (solid particles) from the continuous phase (gas). Examples include fumes coming out of chimneys, marble dust in marble industries (to name a few). Other applications include separation of two or more compounds or phases, such as in steel plant catalysts is to be removed from the molten metal for reuse; in oil refineries, water, oil, bubbles, and solid impurities require separation, and so forth. Cyclones have simple construction, low initial investment costs, and can operate continuously even at elevated temperatures. As a result of a strong swirl, the heavier particles experience centrifugal forces generated at all the points inside the gas cyclone; hence, the solid particles move out toward the cyclone walls. These particles then, under the action of axial velocity, move down the cyclone and get collected. The nearly clean gas reverses direction and exits via the outlet. Despite the seemingly simpler working principle of cyclone separators, the flow physics is very complicated, consisting of the eddies over a wide range of time and length scales (Wasilewski and Brar 2019b; Brar and Derksen 2020).
Numerical simulation of cascaded cyclone separator for nanosize aerosol
Published in Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 2021
Sonawane Chandrakant R., Atul Kulkarni, Rohan V. Sawant, Anand Kumar Pandey, Hitesh Panchal, Kishor Kumar Sadasivuni, Anil Kumar
The separation process inside the cyclone separator is mainly driven by the centrifugal forces developed by the vortex generated inside the cyclone, which throws the heavy particles toward the cyclone’s wall. The cyclone separators are used for applications starting from vacuum cleaning purposes to a wide range of industrial applications, such as the mining industry, power industry, etc. Cyclone separators are extensively studied, both experimentally and numerically, by several authors. Several models/techniques are available to predict and evaluate cyclone performance. In general, these models can be categorized as (i) model-based on theoretical and semi-empirical formulations (Barth 1956); (ii) statistical models (Casal and Martinez-Benet 1983), and (iii) models based on numerical or computational fluid dynamics simulations.
Numerical analysis on the effect of the vortex finder diameter and the length of vortex limiter on the flow field and particle collection in a new cyclone separator
Published in Cogent Engineering, 2018
Eflita Yohana, Mohammad Tauviqirrahman, Arbian Ridzka Putra, Ade Eva Diana, Kwang-Hwan Choi
The industrial use of separators has become widely used and is continuously being developed to meet the needs of more and more varied products. One commonly used separator is the cylone separator because of its reliability and lack of moving parts. A cyclone separator is a tool that uses vortex separation to remove particulates from air, gas, or liquid stream without using filters. A cyclone performance is a pressure drop and collection efficiency. There are many geometrical and operational parameters which influenced the cyclone performance. The present study was the analysis of the effect of vortex finder diameter and vortex limiter length on flow field and collecting efficiency in a new cyclone separator using CFD method. Numerical results show that the increase in vortex finder diameter and length of the vortex limiter can improve collection efficiency.