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Textile Cleaning and Odour Removal
Published in G. Thilagavathi, R. Rathinamoorthy, Odour in Textiles, 2022
Kirsi Laitala, Ingun Grimstad Klepp, Vilde Haugrønning
Bleaching agents can be added to granulate detergents in order to bleach away difficult stains, but at the same time, they also bleach the fabric and should not be used on coloured textiles. Bleaching agents, such as sodium percarbonate, release hydrogen peroxide upon exposure to water, that will oxidate and break stain molecules into tiny parts that can be carried away by surfactants at the washing stage (Koohsaryan, Anbia, and Maghsoodlu 2020). In most detergents, it has no significant effect until at 60°C, but with help of a bleach activator, such as tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED), it gives a bleaching effect already at 40°C. Bleaching agents contribute to chemical disinfection of the laundry (Terpstra 1998) and therefore reduce odour formation.
Enzymatic desizing, bioscouring and enzymatic bleaching of cotton fabric with glucose oxidase
Published in The Journal of The Textile Institute, 2019
The negative aspects of bleaching with HP can be reduced by converting it into a more reactive bleaching agent, such as peracetic acid (PAA), which is a strong oxidizing agent with excellent bleaching properties even at low concentrations. However, when bleaching with PAA is conducted at neutral pH a satisfactory degree of whiteness can be obtained at 60–70 °C without the addition of auxiliary agents, resulting in lower energy and water consumption both during bleaching and rinsing of the fabric (Preša & Forte-Tavčer, 2009). Furthermore, there is less damage to the fibers when PAA is used (Križman, Kovač, & Forte-Tavčer, 2005). PAA can be used as a commercially prepared chemical or generated in situ from a bleach activator. To date, tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) has been one of the most successfully used activators for HP and has been mainly used in the detergent industry (Cai, Evans, & Smith, 2001). TAED reacts with HP to form PAA and diacetyl-ethylenediamine (DAED). Both TAED and the reaction product, DAED are non-toxic and biodegradable (Scarborough & Mathews, 2000).