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Musculoskeletal system
Published in A Stewart Whitley, Jan Dodgeon, Angela Meadows, Jane Cullingworth, Ken Holmes, Marcus Jackson, Graham Hoadley, Randeep Kumar Kulshrestha, Clark’s Procedures in Diagnostic Imaging: A System-Based Approach, 2020
A Stewart Whitley, Jan Dodgeon, Angela Meadows, Jane Cullingworth, Ken Holmes, Marcus Jackson, Graham Hoadley, Randeep Kumar Kulshrestha
Strontium ranelate is a restricted treatment of severe osteoporosis, and a treatment that is considered in post-menopausal women and men with a high risk of fracture. However, it should not be considered in patients with ischaemic heart disease, peripheral arterial disease, cerebrovascular disease or in patients with uncontrolled hypertension. Its anabolic agent encourages bone remodelling while slowing down the process of bone reabsorption. Strontium is similar to calcium in its absorption in the gut, action on bone and elimination via the kidneys. Strontium ranelate is the only treatment proven to prevent vertebral fractures in women over 80 years. Poor treatment compliance is reported with strontium ranelate due to its side-effects, which include diarrhoea and headaches. This treatment is a suspension that is taken orally.
Sr, 38]
Published in Alina Kabata-Pendias, Barbara Szteke, Trace Elements in Abiotic and Biotic Environments, 2015
Alina Kabata-Pendias, Barbara Szteke
Strontium stimulates bone growth, increases their density. At its low contents bone fractures mainly in women may occur, escpecially at women (Cabrera et al. 1999; Genuis and Bouchard 2012). Strontium ranelate is a new orally administered agent for the treatment of women with postmenopausal osteoporosis. Strontium ranelate was chosen from among 20 different Sr compounds based on the bioavailability of Sr, gastric tolerability, and physicochemical characteristics (Blake et al. 2007). Women receiving the drug showed a 12.7% increase in bone density. Women receiving a placebo had a 1.6% decrease. It is evident that Sr-containing biomaterials have positive effects on bone tissue condition and repair (Isaac et al. 2011).
Mg-Sr-Based Alloy Systems for Biomedical Applications
Published in Yufeng Zheng, Magnesium Alloys as Degradable Biomaterials, 2015
Strontium, with a density of 2.64 g/cm3, possesses similar chemical, biological, and metallurgical properties when compared with Mg and Ca, due to the fact that they all belong to group 2 of the periodic table (Landi et al. 2008; Brar et al. 2012; Gu et al. 2012; Cipriano et al. 2013). Sr has a high alloying efficiency and is known as a grain refiner for Mg. The addition of Sr into Mg alloys has a tendency to form compounds that segregate to grain boundaries (Brar et al. 2012; Li et al. 2012). Furthermore, the Sr element improves the corrosion resistance of Mg alloys by altering its surface (Suganthi et al. 2011; Bornapour et al. 2013). It has been reported that Sr could improve both the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of AZ91 alloy and reduce the microporosity (Zeng et al. 2006; Fan et al. 2007). From a biosafe property standpoint, Sr is an essential trace metal element in the human body, and 99% of it is stored in bones. There is about 140 mg Sr in an adult man. It is recommended that the average daily intake is 2 mg (Gu et al. 2012). Sr is also a natural bone seeking element that accumulates in the skeleton due to its close chemical and physical properties with Ca (Landi et al. 2008). It also has been known that Sr can stimulate the growth of osteoblasts and prevent bone resorption (Brar et al. 2012; Bornapour et al. 2013). Sr administration can stimulate the synthesis of bone collagen (Landi et al. 2008). And furthermore, strontium ranelate has been used in the treatment of osteoporosis to improve the bone strength and bone mineral density (Taylor 1985; Dahl et al. 2001; Marie 2005). Additionally, the degradation of Mg-Sr alloys can help to deposit Sr-substituted HA, which benefits bone mineralization (Guo et al. 2008; Tian et al. 2009).
From phase diagram to the design of strontium-containing carrier
Published in Journal of Asian Ceramic Societies, 2020
Ying-Cen Chen, Pei-Yi Hsu, W. Tuan, Po-Liang Lai
To heal bone defects is a competitive process between osteoblast and osteoclast cells [5]. For young people, osteoblast cells exhibit a high activity. Therefore, the correction of bone defects is rapid. However, the patients with bone defects are typically aged people. Their osteoblast activity is low; hence, their recovery time is long. For patients with osteoporosis, the healing of their bone defects after an operation is even longer. They may even need to take oral medicine on a daily basis. One of the medicines is a strontium compound, strontium ranelate [6,7]. Although this compound is effective at enhancing bone mineral density [7], there are several problems. The first problem is that only 20% mouth dosage is absorbed [8]. The second one is a large strontium intake may induce side effects; such as heart attack [9] and osteomalacia [10]. Although the use of strontium for bone recovery is effective, the risks involved with its use are too high to be ignored. A carrier for delivering strontium to the location of bone defect at a low and steady level is a feasible alternative.
A comprehensive summary of disease variants implicated in metal allergy
Published in Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B, 2022
Some metals are also known to induce DRESS in certain individuals. Most of these cases implicate the emergence of symptoms as a result of hypersensitivity-mediated immune mechanisms, and most subjects exhibit allergic sensitivity to the inciting metal prior to DRESS symptom development. Cases of DRESS were reported to occur following implantation of a titanium-based bioprosthesis, oral administration of strontium ranelate, and topical application of a mercury-based disinfectant (Cacoub et al. 2013; Di Meo et al. 2016; Nawaz and Wall 2007; Tschanz and Prins 2000).