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2 Sequestration
Published in S. Komar Kawatra, Advanced Coal Preparation and Beyond, 2020
The simplest method is post-combustion capture. Once combustion proceeds, simply separate the CO2 from the flue gases before they are released from the atmosphere. The largest advantage of post-combustion capture is that it does not require a major redesign of existing facilities, and can be installed as a simple tail unit. The disadvantage of post-combustion capture is that it must take place somewhat close to atmospheric pressure, working with relatively dilute CO2 streams. The stripper column and subsequent compression step typically require a significant portion of a power plant’s output. In the case of a coal-fired facility the worst-case scenario may be as much as one-third of the total power output, resulting in a 70% increase in electricity costs.
EEMS2015 organizing committee
Published in Yeping Wang, Jianhua Zhao, Advances in Energy, Environment and Materials Science, 2018
There are various technologies available for the separation of CO2 from the flue gas of conventional fossil fuel fired power plants, e.g., chemical absorp- tion, physical absorption, cryogenic methods, mem- brane separation, and biological fixation (Um et al., 2003). Chemical absorption process is generally recognized as the most effective technology (Rao and Rubin, 2002). Many solvents have gained wide- spread acceptance as viable solvents for pre and post combustion capture of CO2, but the most effective solvents are generally considered to be potassium car- bonate solvents or aqueous alkanolamines, includ- ing Monoethanolamine (MEA), Diethanolamine (DEA), N-Methyldiethanolamine (MDEA), Di-2- Propanolamine (DIPA) and so on (Choi et al., 2009; Ghosh, Kentish and Stevens, 2009).
2 to Basic Chemicals and Fuels
Published in Ashok Kumar, Swati Sharma, 2 Utilization, 2020
Saeed Sahebdelfar, Maryam Takht Ravanchi
Basically, CO2 capture can be classified into four main types: (i) pre-combustion, (ii) post-combustion, (iii) oxy-fuel combustion, and (iv) chemical looping combustion (CLC) capture (Cuellar-Franca and Azapagic, 2015). In the pre-combustion method, the fuel is first reformed to syngas (CO+H2), then treated by WGS, followed by the removal of CO2 (>20%, which facilitates its separation) and combustion of H2. Post-combustion capture involves the removal of CO2 from the flue gas (typically 3%–15% CO2) as in the conventional energy generation systems. In the oxy-fuel combustion process, the fuel (coal) is burnt with nearly pure O2 (>95%) mixed with steam or recycled flue gas (RFG).
An investigation of the cooling, heating and power systems integration with carbon capture and storage for LNG carriers
Published in Ships and Offshore Structures, 2023
Although there are several capture methods in literature such as using membranes, adsorption, liquefaction of exhaust gas, the most common and commercialised method is solvent-based post-combustion capture according to previous studies (Rochelle et al. 2011; Wang et al. 2011; Boot-Handford et al. 2014; Jinyue 2015). The other advantage of this technology is being ‘end-of-pipe’ technology. In addition, solvent-based scrubbers are widely used to reduce SOx emissions for ships, so this technology is well known. In this study, the solvent-based CCS system is used and 30% aqueous piperazine (PZ) is used as the solvent. PZ has an excellent reaction rate when compared to conventional amine-based alkanolamine, shows high thermal stability and less volatility, and it is not corrosive to stainless steel (Rochelle et al. 2011; Vega et al. 2018).
Cultivation of Nannochloropsis algae for simultaneous biomass applications and carbon dioxide capture
Published in Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 2021
Abdul Hai Alami, Muhammad Tawalbeh, Shamma Alasad, Mennatalah Ali, Maitha Alshamsi, Haya Aljaghoub
Post-combustion capture of CO2 is a process that utilizes technologies such as absorption, adsorption, membrane separation, and micro algal bio-fixation to separate and capture CO2 from flue gasses (Pandey et al. 2010). Pre-combustion capture is the process of capturing CO2 from conventional fuels before combustion is completed. Oxy-fuel combustion is the process of using oxygen to burn coal and petroleum by products and obtain a flue gas containing only CO2 and H2O (Eldardiry and Habib 2018). Other notable carbon sequestration technologies include the production of char from biowaste as discussed in the work of Maroušek et al. (Maroušek et al. 2020) and sorbents recovered from sludge water (Stávková and Maroušek 2021).
Functionalized ionic liquids for CO2 capture under ambient pressure
Published in Green Chemistry Letters and Reviews, 2023
Post-combustion capture of CO2 can be achieved through a number of methods such as absorption, adsorption, cryogenic distillation, membrane separation, and microalgae growth (7). Conventional chemical absorption of CO2 using amine solutions (e.g. monoethanolamine) are effective but have several drawbacks including equipment corrosion, amine volatility, high construction cost, amine degradation by SO2, NO2, and O2 in the flue gas, and high energy input for absorbent regeneration (7, 8). The mixture of amines and ILs were found efficient for CO2 capture, but monoethanolamine-carbamate salt began to precipitate from ILs (9). ILs have several favorable properties for CO2 capture including low volatility, high thermal and chemical stability, various solvent polarity, and tunable structures for either physical or chemical gas absorption. CO2 capture by ILs has been extensively reviewed by several groups (10–13). A process simulation study suggests that CO2 absorption using 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([BMIM][OAc]) reduces the energy loss by 16%, the investment by 11% and equipment cost by 12% when compared with aqueous monoethanolamine process (14). This section intends to provide a brief overview of examples that are closely relevant to this study. In general, CO2 has a much higher solubility in ILs than other gases (e.g. CO, O2, N2, CH4, and C2H4), especially in ILs with fluorinated cations or anions, while ILs have minimum solubility in CO2 (15–17). The use of fluorinated ILs raises some environmental concerns due to their poor biodegradability. CO2 dissolution in ILs can be through physisorption/physical interactions (e.g. electrostatic, van der Waals, and hydrogen bonding), or chemisorption/chemical reactions (18).