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Compounds of Plant Origin as AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Activators
Published in Alexander V. Kutchin, Lyudmila N. Shishkina, Larissa I. Weisfeld, Gennady E. Zaikov, Ilya N. Kurochkin, Alexander N. Goloshchapov, Chemistry and Technology of Plant Substances, 2017
Daria S. Novikova, Gleb S. Ivanov, Alexander V. Garabadzhiu, Viacheslav G. Tribulovich
Structures capable of activating AMPK are also found among the terpenoids. Nootkatone (Fig. 9.19), a sesquiterpene ketone, is interesting for its strong smell of grapefruit and varied biological activity; it is extensively used as a repellent and insecticide. It was found that nootkatone increases the AMPK activity along with an increase of the AMP/ATP ratio and the phosphorylation of AMPK and its downstream targets. It is assumed that the effect of nootkatone is also mediated by CaMKKp, as the inhibition of this kinase facilitates to reduce the phosphorylation degree of both AMPK and ACC. It was shown that nootkatone stimulates fatty acid oxidation in muscle and liver, as well as energy metabolism at the whole-body level. The use of nootkatone as a dietary supplement enables to inhibit fat accumulation, suggesting its application in obesity [99].
Application potential of Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.) Roberty for the remediation of red mud-treated soil: an analysis via determining alterations in essential oil content and composition
Published in International Journal of Phytoremediation, 2021
Meenu Gautam, Madhoolika Agrawal
Pearson’s correlation showed that essential oil content had a significant negative correlation with the contents of Cu and Cr in roots (Supplementary Table S2). Rosifoliol, megastigmatrienone, and γ-costol showed significant positive correlations with Zn, Mn Mg, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Cr (Table S2). Significant positive correlations were exhibited by isovalencenol and α-vetivone with Mn, Cu, Pb, and Cr. Farnesol and α-muurolol were positively correlated with contents of Zn, Mn, Cu, Pb, and Cr in roots (Supplementary Table S2). Germacren D-4-ol showed positive correlation (p < 0.05) with Zn and Mn contents, and a strong negative (p < 0.01) correlation with Cd content. Alpha-muurolene and selina-6-en-ol showed significant negative correlations with Cu, Pb, and Cr contents (Supplementary Table S2). Cubenol, α-amorphene, β-vetispirene, cadin-4-en-10-ol, and vetiselinenol were negatively correlated with the contents of Zn, Mn, Cu, Pb, and Cr, and a positive correlation with Cd content in roots. Aristolone and cubenol DB5-1977 exhibited negative correlations with both Cu and Cr contents (Supplementary Table S2). Moreover, cis-thujopsene and α-chenopodiol showed significant negative correlations with Cd and Cu, respectively (Supplementary Table S2). Valencene < 13-hydroxy > and nootkatone were negatively correlated with Zn, Mn, Mg, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Cr contents in roots. A strong negative correlation was found between β-vetivone and root contents of Zn, Mn, Cu, Pb, Cr, and Cd (Supplementary Table S2).
Chemicals from lignocellulosic biomass: A critical comparison between biochemical, microwave and thermochemical conversion methods
Published in Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 2021
Iris K. M. Yu, Huihui Chen, Felix Abeln, Hadiza Auta, Jiajun Fan, Vitaly L. Budarin, James H. Clark, Sophie Parsons, Christopher J. Chuck, Shicheng Zhang, Gang Luo, Daniel C.W Tsang
While the compounds discussed above are the most developed to date, a range of alternative platforms for chemical manufacture are recently at, or very close to, commercialization. These include muconic acid, fumaric acid, isobutanol, artemisinic acid, acrylic acid, fatty acids, triglycerides and fatty alcohols, vanillin, resveratrol, saffron, stevia, valencene, nootkatone, cephalexin, adipic acid, sabacic acid, hexamethylenediamine, amino acids, alternative diols, mandelic acid, isoprene, butenes as well as a range of biopolymers such as polyhydroxylalkanoates (Tables 3 and 4).