China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Flavonoids from Quercus Genus: Applications in Melasma and Psoriasis
Published in Tatjana Stevanovic, Chemistry of Lignocellulosics: Current Trends, 2018
Esquivel-García Roberto, Velázquez-Hernández María-Elena, Valentín-Escalera Josué, Valencia-Avilés Eréndira, Rodríguez-Orozco Alain-Raimundo, Martha-Estrella García-Pérez
Myricetin is a flavonoid structurally similar to quercetin with photoprotective activity. Myricetin attenuated UVB-induced HaCaT keratinocyte death (1–30 M), reduced the UVB-induced malondialdehyde level, the UVB-induced peroxide and the UVB-induced activation of c-jun-NH2 terminal kinase (JNK) (Huang et al. 2010). Topical application of the compound reduced epidermal thickening resulting from UVB irradiation and suppressed matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) protein expression and activity. It was found to inhibit chronic UVB irradiation- induced wrinkles by suppressing UVB-induced Raf-kinase activity and subsequent attenuation of phosphorylation of MEK and ERK (Jung et al. 2010). As other flavonols, myricetin reduces melanin synthesis through competitive inhibition for the oxidation of L-DOPA by tyrosinase. In terms of flavonol-inhibitor strength, quercetin has the stronger activity followed by myricetin and kaempferol (Chang 2009).
Potential Use of Bioactive Compounds from Waste in the pharmaceutical Industry
Published in Quan V. Vuong, Utilisation of Bioactive Compounds from Agricultural and Food Waste, 2017
Flavonols (quercetin, kaempferol and myricetin, for example) are the most widespread of the flavonoids found in vegetables, like onions, broccoli, apples, cherries and berries, tea and red wine. These compounds have anti-mutagenic, anti-carcinogenic and anti-hypertensive effects. Isoflavones (genistein, daidzein and coumestrol, for example) are found almost exclusively in leguminous plants such as soybean. They can exert pro- and anti-oestrogenic effects. Flavan-3-ols (include catechins and the larger proanthocyanidins) are found in tea, apples, apricots, cherries, red wines and dark chocolate. Flavones (apigenin and luteolin) are found in parsley, thyme and celery, for example. Anthocyanidins are mainly present in plants like anthocyanins, that are attached to sugar molecules. They are responsible for the characteristic red, blue and purple colored flowers, berry fruits and red wine. Flavanones are contained in citrus fruits (hesperetin in citrus peel; naringenin in grapefruit peel, imparting a bitter flavor) (Denny and Buttriss 2007).
Nano Delivery of Antiviral Plant Bioactives as Cancer Therapeutics
Published in Devarajan Thangadurai, Saher Islam, Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji, Viral and Antiviral Nanomaterials, 2022
Haripriya Shanmugam, Badma Priya, Manickam Senguttuvan Swetha, Janani Semalaiyappan
Myricetin, structurally related to kaempferol and quercetin, exhibits a wide range of bioactivities such as antiviral, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidant properties. Myricetin is reported to regulate the viral enzymes of HIV, Coronavirus, and Rauscher murine leukaemia virus. It is also a potent anticancer agent since it inhibits the enzymes responsible for various types of cancer, like skin cancer, colorectal cancer, and hepatic cancer (Semwal et al. 2016).
Horticultural crops as natural therapeutic plants for the therapy of diabetes mellitus
Published in Egyptian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 2023
Balikis Oluwakemi Mustapha, Olufemi Temitope Ademoyegun, Rabiat Shola Ahmed
This belongs to the Moringaceae family, which is a drought resistant plant that is grown in tropical and subtropical regions. The soil and amount of rainfall in the area where the tree grows are very variable [55]. It is popularly referred to as a ‘wonder tree’ due to the multipurpose uses of its plant parts [56], particularly those leaves utilized in traditional treatment as reported by Popoola and Obembe [57]. Anwar et al. [58] stated that the antioxidants present in moringa leaves are phenolics, ascorbic acid and flavonoids, while the roots have shown to possess saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, tannins and steroids, as appeared by Raj et al. [59]. Givens from Tshabalala et al. [55] have shown that the roots of the moringa tree contain less total phenol than the leaves. Also, there are more flavonoid content (myricetin, quercetin, kaempferol, isorhamnetin) and condensed tannin as reported by Leone et al. [60] in the lateral roots than in the leaves. Quercetin provides antidiabetic action by preventing damage to the pancreas and ameliorating endogenous antioxidant enzymes, while isorhamnetin acts by stimulating insulin as indicated by Al-Ishaq et al. [61].
Effects of green tea polyphenols against metal-induced genotoxic damage: underlying mechanistic pathways
Published in Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B, 2023
María Del Carmen García-Rodríguez, Lourdes Montserrat Hernández-Cortés, Víctor Manuel Mendoza-Núñez, Francisco Arenas-Huertero
Among the GTP with the highest activity are flavonoids, such as flavanols (catechins) and flavonols (quercetin, myricetin and kaempferol) (Figure 1-I). Catechins, including epicatechin, epigallocatechin, epicatechin gallate (ECG), and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), are the polyphenols found at the highest concentration in green tea, accounting for 60 to 80% of the total content (Kaushal et al. 2019; Olson et al. 2020). The antioxidant activity of GTP in preventing chronic diseases is influenced by its molecular structure, including the presence of specific structural groups and hydroxyl groups (OH) (Figure 1-II). While scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS), inhibiting free radicals (FR) formation, and preventing lipid peroxidation are recognized as key pathways through which GTP protect against oxidative DNA damage, there are other pathways including (1) regulation of endogenous antioxidant system, (2) activation of repair mechanisms and (3) apoptosis that also might contribute to these beneficial properties. Further, polyphenols derived from Camellia sinensis polyphenols demonstrated the ability to chelate metal ions, suggesting an additional pathway for attenuating oxidation reactions (Afzal et al. 2022; Bernatoniene and Kopustinskiene 2018; Truong and Jeong 2021).
Polyherbal phytosomal gel for enhanced topical delivery: design, optimization by central composite design, in vitro and ex-vivo evaluation
Published in Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 2023
Azhar Danish Khan, Mukesh Kr. Singh, Pallavi Manish Lavhale
The leaves of the Cinnamon tamala (CT) tree are frequently utilized in culinary goods as a spice and flavoring agent. In addition to this, the leaves have been utilized in Indian traditional medicine. It is referred to as Tvakpatra in Ayurveda. It is an important ingredient of the commonly used Ayurvedic medicine Vajraka Taila. This herbal remedy has been investigated for its role in the management of Vrana which is called wound in modern medicine.[8] CT commonly known as Indian Bay leaves is used by the ethnic people of Arunachal Pradesh for a variety of health advantages. To cure wounds, the leaves paste is applied directly to the affected region. To treat tonsillitis, the leaves are made into a paste and made into tablets known as bori, which are then eaten orally. Leprosy is also treated topically using the leaf paste.[9] Leaves are also found helpful in inflammation.[10] The polyphenolic compounds such as Kaempferol, Myricetin, Quercetin, Quercetin-3-O-Rhamnoside Kaempferol-3-O-Sophoroside, Kaempferol-3-O-Glucoside, Kaempferol-3-O-Rhamnoside & Quercetin-3-O-Rutinoside are among the numerous bioactive chemicals said to be present in the leaves. The constituents of essential oils include borneol, cinnamaldehyde, linalool, eugenol, and cinnamaldehyde. The diverse pharmacological actions included anti-diabetic, effect on immune system, anti-cancer, and hepatoprotective effects.[11]