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Quercetin Bioflavonoids Derived from Phytomedicinal Compounds for Targeted Drug Delivery and Their Antioxidant Properties
Published in Parimelazhagan Thangaraj, Lucindo José Quintans Júnior, Nagamony Ponpandian, Nanophytomedicine, 2023
Selvaraj Rajesh Kumar, Nagamony Ponpandian
Quercetin is a natural pigment that belongs to a group of plant compounds called flavonoids. These flavonoids are present in many vegetables, grains, tea, wine and fruits (see Figure 20.1). Its name originates from the Latin word quercetum, meaning oak forest. Quercetin is usually found in various medicinal and edible plants. Quercetin is yellow and completely dissolves in alcohols/lipids, is sparingly soluble in hot water and insoluble in cold water. It is a universally well-known flavonoid derived from natural products with low toxicity. Quercetin was rich in several phytomedicinal plant families such as Passifloraceae, Asteraceae, Solanaceae, Rhamnaceae, etc. The flavonoid may contain several promising health benefits such as decreasing cancer risks, heart diseases, degenerative brain disorder, diabetes, etc. These favourable effects of quercetin originate from their ability to function with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects inside the human body. An average person consumes 10–100 mg of quercetin daily from different food sources. It is also frequently found in marketplaces where it is available in its isolated form.
Nano Delivery of Antiviral Plant Bioactives as Cancer Therapeutics
Published in Devarajan Thangadurai, Saher Islam, Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji, Viral and Antiviral Nanomaterials, 2022
Haripriya Shanmugam, Badma Priya, Manickam Senguttuvan Swetha, Janani Semalaiyappan
Quercetin, a commonly occurring secondary metabolite in almost all parts of various plants, stalls the replication of many perilous viruses. It has been reported that quercetin, along with myricetin, quercetagetin, baicalein present in wild berries, onions, green tea, and apples, have been studied for their effects in various viral cells in vitro as well as in vivo and reported to inhibit the cell cycles of viruses by controlling their replication (Ben-Shabat et al. 2020). Quercetin exhibits anticancer characteristics by hindering the proliferation of various kinds of cancers. For example, quercetin in breast cancer increases the rate of apoptosis, sets off the cell cycle arrest in cervical cancer, reduces cell viability in colon cancer, and interferes with the epigenetic modifications, thereby initiating apoptosis in lung cancer cells (Rauf et al. 2018).
Lead Toxicity
Published in Debasis Bagchi, Manashi Bagchi, Metal Toxicology Handbook, 2020
Rokeya Pervin, Md. Akil Hossain, Dipti Debnath, Mohiuddin Ahmed Bhuiyan
Quercetin is a widely explored and globally distributed bioflavonoid. Vegetables, fruits, and tea are the dietary sources of quercetin. The metal chelating and antioxidant properties of this flavonoid are considered because of the presence of many hydroxyl groups in its chemical structure and conjugated electrons [17]. These hydroxyl groups, including the carbonyl group, easily donate electrons by undergoing resonance and stabilize free radicals that can initiate lipid peroxidation [101]. Quercetin form a covalent bond with lead ions by the ortho-phenolic groups present in the quercetin B ring and consequently chelates lead [102]. It is reported in a study that the lead-induced histopathological injuries in the kidney of rats were protected by quercetin [103]. In that study it was found that quercetin noticeably reduced the level of ROS and the ratio of reduced glutathione (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) in the kidney of lead-treated rats. Moreover, it repressed the increased level of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, together with the restoration of GPx, Cu/Zn-SOD, and CAT activities in the kidney of lead-treated rats, and thus the inhibition of lead-induced apoptosis in the kidney of rats was confirmed [103].
Ameliorative effect of quercetin on pancreatic damage in rodent: a meta-analysis
Published in Egyptian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 2023
Tri Wiyono, Khoirun Nisa, Sri Handayani, Anjar Windarsih, Septi Nur Hayati, Martha Purnami Wulanjati, Eti Nurwening Sholikhah, Woro Rukmi Pratiwi
In addition, quercetin has been explored for its activities including antioxidant, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, cytotoxic and anti-carcinogenic [12]. The antioxidant activity of quercetin is closely related to the presence of hydroxyl groups at carbon numbers 3,5,7,3’, and 4’. The anti-inflammatory effects of quercetin have been reported through the down regulation of tumor necrosis factor alfa (TNFα), inflammatory enzymes (cyclo-oxygenase COX and lipo-oxygenase LOX), and inflammatory cytokines (interleukin IL−6, IL−1b, IL−1a). Quercetin up-regulates interferon gamma (IFN-γ) expression. Meanwhile, the anti-cancer activity of quercetin is said to be correlated with its antioxidant activity. Cancerous cells treated with quercetin were shown to decrease malondialdehyde (MDA), lipid peroxidation (LPO), increase in superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) and catalase (CAT) as cancer cell apoptosis increased.
Nanocochleates as the delivery vehicle for quercetin in the treatment of breast cancer
Published in Particulate Science and Technology, 2023
Herbal medicine has attracted its attention since ancient times. The world’s perspective is changing from synthetic drugs to herbal medicines in the current era. In most developing countries, 80% of the population still uses herbal medicines for keeping healthy (Bonifácio et al. 2014). Flavonoids are a class of herbal medicines having therapeutic utility in inflammation, heart diseases, diabetes, cancer, and aging (Wang, Li, and Bi 2018). Quercetin is one flavonoid found abundantly in onions, fruits, and vegetables. It possesses excellent therapeutic application. Despite multiple utilities, it has various drawbacks such as low oral bioavailability, higher dosing, chemical instability, which may lower its efficacy as a therapeutic moiety. Different novel drug deliveries have proved to improve the effectiveness of quercetin in various ailments (Muhammet et al. 2021).
Kinetics and modeling of L-cysteine effect on the Cu(II)-induced oxidation of quercetin
Published in Chemical Engineering Communications, 2020
Angelos Photiades, Spyros Grigorakis, Dimitris P. Makris
Flavonoids is a prominent class of polyphenolic phytochemicals that embraces an enormous variety of structures, and constitute major bioactive substances occurring in plants and foods of plant origin. Quercetin is a ubiquitous flavonoid, which belongs to the subclass of flavonols and it may be present in several edible fruits and vegetables (Wang et al., 2016). Quercetin is a well-studied molecule owed to its wide range of bioactivities, including chemopreventive action and beneficial effects against cardiovascular and other degenerative diseases (Calani et al., 2014). This particular flavonoid is also notorious for its powerful antioxidant properties, which along with other dietary antioxidants such as vitamin C, vitamin E, and carotenoids may provide effective protection against oxidative stress (Jan et al., 2010).