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Sustainability of the Tire Industry: Through a Material Approach
Published in Neha Kanwar Rawat, Tatiana G. Volova, A. K. Haghi, Applied Biopolymer Technology and Bioplastics, 2021
Sanjit Das, Hirak Satpathi, S. Roopa, Saikat Das Gupta
Sarkar et al. [25] in his review have mentioned many types of terpene based sustainable elastomers which are under development and few are already commercialized for industry uses. Elementary chemical structure of most of the terpenes are of isoprene type (2-methyl-1,4 butadiene, C5, “isoprene rule”). β-myrcene (7-methyl-3-methyl-1,6-octadiene) is one of the important monomers of the terpene family. It is available in oils from various plants like wild thyme, ylang-ylang bay, and lemongrass. Commercially β-myrcene is produced by pyrolysis of β-pinene [26]. Poly (β-farnesene), poly (ocimene), and poly (limonene) are synthesized by emulsion polymerization. Recent synthesis report of poly (styrene-co-myrcene) has found that its chemical structure is similar to SBR [27]. β-myrcene structure is similar to 1,3-polybutadiene, so this monoterpene is used for many chemical synthesis [25]. β-myrcene is usually found in liquid stage, easy for storage. Although liquid handling in industry is a challenge but it makes the process greener and truly sustainable solution.
Genotoxic effects induced by beta-myrcene following metabolism by liver HepG2/C3A human cells
Published in Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A, 2019
Juliana Botinhon Orlando, Brian Ogushi Silva, Camila Lehnhardt Pires-Cunha, Clélia Akiko Hiruma-Lima, Isabel O’Neill de Mascarenhas Gaivão, Edson Luis Maistro
Beta-myrcene is a terpenoid that occurs in two forms – β and α, with the former occurring naturally in essential oils of several useful plants such as lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus), hop (Humulus lupus), verbena (Verbena officinalis), mango (Mangifera indica), thyme (Thymus vulgaris), bay (Laurus nobilis), and Cannabis sativa (Lachenmeier et al. 2006; Mohamed-Hanaa et al. 2012; Paumgartten et al. 1998). This monoterpene is an important intermediate used in the perfumery industry due to its pleasant odor (Behr and Johnen 2009). However, since monoterpenes evaporate readily and have a low boiling point, myrcene is more highly valued as an intermediate for the preparation of flavors and fragrances such as menthol, citral, citronellol, citronellal, geraniol, nerol, and linalool (Fahlbusch et al. 2002; Takabe et al. 1989). Beta-myrcene also contributes to the peppery and balsam aroma in beer (Inui et al. 2013; Vázquez-Araújo et al. 2013).