China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
An Innovative Whole Tire Energy Recovery Process
Published in Gregory D. Boardman, Hazardous and Industrial Wastes, 2022
J. Martin Hughes, Steven Cox, Mary L. Tober
Several pyrolysis processes have been developed to convert scrap tires into salable products such as steel, gas, oil, and char. Pyrolysis is the process of thermal decomposition of organic substances into smaller, less complex molecules. Although pyrolysis technology has been improved over the past 10 years, economic viability of this process has yet to be demonstrated [6].
Agricultural Applications of Biochar
Published in Kassio Ferreira Mendes, Interactions of Biochar and Herbicides in the Environment, 2022
Biochar is charcoal generated from the thermochemical carbonization treatment of biomass materials with the pyrolysis or gasification technique and used as a soil amendment for agricultural and environmental purposes. The material, possessing labile and stable OC and mineral ash nutrients, is porous, environmentally recalcitrant, alkaline, and water and nutrient retentive. Research has evidenced that biochar is a superior soil conditioner capable of persistently enhancing soil health and crop productivity. Soil amendment with biochar is a promising solution to sustainable agriculture.
Analysis of treating solid waste by pyrolysis and gasification based on building green airports
Published in Binoy K. Saikia, Advances in Applied Chemistry and Industrial Catalysis, 2022
Bo Li, Boyu Zou, Jixiang Su, Ran Lei
Pyrolysis and incineration are two completely different processes, mainly featuring the following disparities: First, incineration mainly generates CO2 and H2O, while pyrolysis produces flammable low-molecular compounds in gas (such as H2, CH4, and CO), liquid (methanol, acetone, acetic acid, acetaldehyde and other organic substances, and tar) and solid (coke and carbon black). Second, incineration is an exothermic process, in which the carbon and hydrogen, the main combustible substances in solid waste, undergoes the oxidation reaction. In contrast, pyrolysis is an endothermic process that requires heat to be absorbed to decompose organic compounds. Third, incineration produces a large amount of fly ash, giving toxic gases such as dioxins the chance to synthesize with fly ash as the carrier. A peroxygen reaction is required to generate a large amount of nitrogen oxide compounds after large quantity of air is blown in. Pyrolysis is static with no fly ash produced. An anaerobic environment is required, so the amount of nitrogen involved will be very small (Qian & Han 2014).
The role of physicochemical marble processing wastewater treatment sludge in the production of new generation pyrolysis char from waste polypropylene
Published in Environmental Technology, 2023
Merve Sogancioglu Kalem, Afra Ozgan Kurt, Gamze Goktepeli, Vildan Onen, Gulnare Ahmetli, Esra Yel
Pyrolysis is the widely used process for thermal decomposition of natural and synthetic organic wastes (such as biomass, sewage sludge, plastics) into carbon-based materials under inert conditions at high temperature with or without the help of catalysts. After the decomposition (depolymerization) reactions, three phases of valuable products as solid (char), liquid (tar-oil) and gas are obtained [2–4]. The main components of plastic waste chars are fixed carbon and volatile substances, and the dominant elements in char are carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and in some cases, sulphur [5]. Pyrolysis chars can be used as second-generation feedstock for various purposes as filling material, adsorbent, soil conditioner, etc. Moreover, valuable components can be recovered from liquid products and used in the chemical and fuel industries, and the gas product can be used for power generation purposes due to its high hydrocarbon content. Therefore, each fraction obtained at the end of pyrolysis is important valuable recoverable material.
Environmental impact of waste plastic pyrolysis oil on insulated piston diesel engine with methoxyethyl acetate additive
Published in Petroleum Science and Technology, 2023
Padmanabhan Sambandam, Parthasarathy Murugesan, Vinod Kumar Thangaraj, Muthuraman Vadivel, Muraliraja Rajaraman, Ganesan Subbiah
Due to fast industrialization and population growth, the energy crisis and environmental degradation have become significant global issues. Plastic bottles, bags, and other solid debris take a long time to disintegrate in nature. Landfilling, recycling, and burning plastic pose major health and environmental concerns to both individuals and the environment. Thus, plastic pollution must be eliminated to prevent further environmental harm (Patni et al. 2013). About 60% of the plastic could be recycled, while the remaining 40% was dumped in a landfill. Plastic garbage is difficult to manage and pollutes the environment since it is not biodegradable. Thermal recycling or burning of plastics is gaining popularity. Plastic garbage disposal offers significant energy saving and recovery possibilities (Shamsuyeva and Endres 2021). Plastic contains hydrocarbons, which are a clean burning, eco-friendly fuel. Pyrolysis is a method for recovering energy from waste polymers that is both ecologically and economically beneficial (Mangesh et al. 2017).
Investigation on the co-pyrolysis of municipal solid waste and sawdust: pyrolysis behaviors, kinetics, and thermodynamic analysis
Published in Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 2022
Yanhui Bin, Zhaosheng Yu, Zigan Huang, Meirong Li, Yaqi Zhang, Xiaoqian Ma
The explosion of municipal solid waste (MSW) seriously threatens ecological security and human health. The annual global MSW production reaches 2.01 billion tons in 2016, and it is predicted to exceed 3.4 billion tons by 2050 (Wang et al. 2020). In China, the total production of MSW has experienced rapid growth, from 157 million tons in 2009 to 228 million tons in 2018 (Khan et al. 2022). Sanitary landfill and incineration are China’s mainstream waste disposal methods, accounting for 52% and 45% in 2018, respectively (Ding et al. 2021). With the advantages of reduction, recycling, and harmlessness, pyrolysis is of high interest to many researchers as a new waste-into-energy method. Pyrolysis is a thermal decomposition process of raw materials under oxygen-free conditions to obtain tar, char, and gases. Tar is an essential precursor to fuels or high-value chemicals (Li et al. 2020), char is a carbon-rich porous material for soil remediation (Ghassemi-Golezani and Farhangi-Abriz 2022) or energy storage (Tian et al. 2021), and gases are important mixtures for the preparation of syngas (Jun et al. 2017).