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Biodiesel Fuels
Published in M.R. Riazi, David Chiaramonti, Biofuels Production and Processing Technology, 2017
Paolo Bondioli, M.R. Riazi, David Chiaramonti
In conclusion, we can say that in any case biodiesel, as commonly intended, cannot be prepared from castor oil or castor oil fatty acids. A theoretical possibility is the use of so-called dehydrated castor oil, which can be obtained by dehydration leading to the formation of conjugated linoleic acid. But in this case, it represents suicide from an economic and technical standpoint because we start with an interesting bifunctional molecule to obtain a trivialized unsaturated fatty acid. Additionally, the presence of conjugated double bonds highly improves the tendency for autoxidation of the substance in question. On the contrary, several papers in the literature describe the use of methyl ricinoleate to improve lubricity in diesel fuel. Thanks to its particular nature and polarity, this molecule is able to interact with metal surfaces, reducing shear when used at a concentration of a few hundred ppm (Goodrum and Geller 2005).
Polymers
Published in Bryan Ellis, Ray Smith, Polymers, 2008
Processing & Manufacturing Routes: Manufactured in a continuous process, in an inert gas at atmosphere pressure. Monomer suspended in water, transferred to a converter, melted, water is eliminated and monomer polymerised. Ricin, a protein present in Castor beans from India, Central America and Africa is now being used to make monomer that is polymerised to Nylon 11 [23]. Prepared from Castor oil feedstock, which is treated with MeOH to yield methyl ricinoleate, which upon pyrolysis, hydrol. and HBr addition is converted to 11-aminoundecanoic acid. The acid is polymerised at 2008 in the presence of hypophosphoric acid/phosphoric acid to Nylon 11 with continuous removal of water. The polymer is extruded under inert gas and chopped into pellets
Biocatalytic production of ricinoleic acid from castor oil: augmentation by ionic liquid
Published in Chemical Engineering Communications, 2020
Abir Lal Bose, Debajyoti Goswami
Ricinoleic acid, chemically termed as 12-hydroxy-cis-9-octadecenoic acid, has many industrial applications. It is mainly used in the manufacture of soaps, emulsifiers, and as a softener in leather industries (Puthli et al., 2006). Its derivatives like azelaic acid and ricinenic acid (dehydration product), methyl ricinoleate (ester derivative), are applied in production of plasticizer, emulsifier, grease, and lubricants, and so forth. (Kulkarni, 2001; McKeon and Lin, 2002). Hydrolysis of castor oil (90% of its fatty acid profile occupied by ricinoleic acid) is the main source of this acid.