China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Organic Air Pollutants
Published in Stanley E. Manahan, Environmental Chemistry, 2022
Methanethiol and other lighter alkyl thiols are fairly common air pollutants that have “ultragarlic” odors; both 1- and 2-butanethiol are associated with skunk odor. Gaseous methanethiol and volatile liquid ethanethiol are used as odorant leak-detecting additives for natural gas, propane, and butane, and are also employed as intermediates in pesticide synthesis. Allyl mercaptan (2-propene-1-thiol) is a toxic, irritating volatile liquid with a strong garlic odor. Benzenethiol (phenyl mercaptan) is the simplest of the aryl thiols. It is a toxic liquid with a severely “repulsive” odor.
Organic Air Pollutants
Published in Stanley Manahan, Environmental Chemistry, 2017
Methanethiol and other lighter alkyl thiols are fairly common air pollutants that have “ultragarlic” odors; both 1- and 2-butanethiol are associated with skunk odor. Gaseous methanethiol and volatile liquid ethanethiol are used as odorant leak-detecting additives for natural gas, propane, and butane, and are also employed as intermediates in pesticide synthesis. Allyl mercaptan (2-propene-1-thiol) is a toxic, irritating volatile liquid with a strong garlic odor. Benzenethiol (phenyl mercaptan) is the simplest of the aryl thiols. It is a toxic liquid with a severely “repulsive” odor.
Aldehydes and Ketones. Acyl Addition Reactions
Published in Michael B. Smith, A Q&A Approach to Organic Chemistry, 2020
A thiol (R–SH) is the sulfur analog of an alcohol with the functional group –SH. Thiols are named by taking the hydrocarbon name and adding the word thiol to it. The thiol CH3CH2CH2SH is, for example, propane-1-thiol and CH3SH is methanethiol. What is a common name for thiols?
Regenerative one-stage catalytic absorption process with cupric ions for removal of reduced sulfur compounds in polluted air
Published in Environmental Technology, 2022
Pernille Lund Kasper, Anders Feilberg
So far, the studies considering the reactivity of copper ions in relation to desulfurization in an oxidative absorption process, have focused on product streams, where admixture of the product gas stream and oxygen must be avoided, i.e. bio- and natural- gas. Therefore, the investigated processes have been operated as a semi-batch process consisting of an anaerobic precipitation reaction between hydrogen sulfide and Cu(II) ions in one process step and, when the absorbing solutions is depleted, a second aerobic step is implemented to regenerate the active Cu(II) ions with molecular oxygen in air. Also, in these studies, hydrogen sulfide has been considered the sole target compound. However, in the vast majority of industries treating waste air from biological decomposition processes, including the paper and pulp industry, waste water treatment and biogas- and livestock- production, hydrogen sulfide will be present alongside other reduced sulfur compounds, e.g. methanethiol, dimethyl sulfide (DMS) and dimethyl disulfide (DMDS), which also exhibit adverse characteristics and, especially for deodorization purposes, must also be considered. Methanethiol in particular has a low odour threshold value [33].
The role of ligands in pressure-induced phase transition of gold nanoribbons
Published in Phase Transitions, 2021
Caihong Xing, Xingchen Liu, Li Xiao-Hong, Chang Song, Dongbo Cao, Xiaodong Wen
Experimentally, the 4H NRBs are usually stabilized with oleylamine [32, 38, 39]. Oleylamine is a molecule with an amine functional group and a long aliphatic chain. To account for both types of functional groups in oleylamine, we used methylamine and pentane with a surface coverage of 1/4 to represent the amine functional group and the aliphatic chain of oleylamine, respectively. In addition to methylamine and pentane, the role of thiol functional group to 4H NRBs was considered using a methanethiol molecule. We used a (110) slab to simulate the 4H NRBs. The slab contains five layers of metal atoms, and a vacuum layer of 15 Å in c direction to avoid the interaction between the neighboring slabs. For each molecule, we considered multiple adsorption sites and configurations and selected the structure with the lowest energy as the initial model for the subsequent phase-transition studies. The side (slightly rotated) and top view of the clean and the energetically most preferable surface adsorbed models are shown in Figure 1.
Physiological and pathophysiological implications of hydrogen sulfide: a persuasion to change the fate of the dangerous molecule
Published in Journal of the Chinese Advanced Materials Society, 2018
Jan Mohammad Mir, Ram Charitra Maurya
The further extension of chemical and biochemical catabolic destiny of H2S and many more other aspects are probably yet to be explored.[53] For instance, the formation of sulfhemoglobin by H2S from methemoglobin might act as a metabolic sink for H2S. In addition to it, H2S gets rapidly oxidized to thiosulfate (S2O32-) by mitochondria and is subsequently converted to sulfite (SO32-) and sulfate (SO42-). Another chemical feature of H2S is the methylation by thiol-S-methyltransferase to yield methanethiol (CH3SH) and dimethylsulfide (CH3SCH3), and it is also a substrate (especially in the colon) for rhodanese (thiosulfate: cyanide sulfurtransferase), leading to the formation of SCN- and SO42-. Despite these catabolic characteristics, H2S is a strong reducing agent and is likely to be consumed by endogenous oxidant species in the vasculature,[54–56] viz., peroxynitrite, superoxide, and hydrogen peroxide.