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Flame Retardants
Published in Asim Kumar Roy Choudhury, Flame Retardants for Textile Materials, 2020
Sometimes a thermal insulation barrier is created between the burning and the yet‐to‐burn parts. The physical effect of certain FRs is the formation of an insulating and protective layer of glassy matter or char hindering the passage of the combustible gases and transfer of heat from pyrolyzing polymer to its surface. Boric acid and its hydrated salts have lower melting points and dehydrate in two stages into metaboric acid and boric oxide as shown in Equation 4.12 at 130°–200°C and 260°–270°C, respectively.
Energetic aspects of elemental boron: a mini-review
Published in Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 2022
Okan Icten, Birgul Zumreoglu-Karan
During the hydrolysis reaction, oxidation of boron and boron oxide gasification run parallel (reactions 2&3). The oxide layer reacts with steam forming gaseous boric acid, and thus the bulk comes into contact with the steam again (Wahbeh et al. 2013). Oxidation of boron by hydrolysis takes place at lower ignition temperatures than oxidation in pure oxygen. As a characteristic of the hydrolysis reaction, volatile boric acid compounds (e.g., metaboric acid, HBO2) are produced by causing technical problems and removing the fluid oxide layer.
Latest trends for structural steel protection by using intumescent fire protective coatings: a review
Published in Surface Engineering, 2020
Muhammad Yasir, Faiz Ahmad, Puteri Sri Melor Megat Yusoff, Sami Ullah, Maude Jimenez
Boric acid, which is also known as borax, is an efficient flame retardant in ICs. Jimenez et.al. [2] studied the degradation of boric acid in two stages. At stage 1 (100–140°C) a mass loss of 30% occurred, and at stage 2 (140–200°C) boric acid was converted to metaboric acid and boron oxide, respectively, as given in Equation (1) and Equation (2). The result was a thermally stable material containing approximately 55% of the initial mass.