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Diversity of Mechanisms for Boron Toxicity in Mammals
Published in Debasis Bagchi, Manashi Bagchi, Metal Toxicology Handbook, 2020
Diana Rodríguez-Vera, Antonio Abad-García, Mónica Barrón-González, Julia J. Segura-Uribe, Eunice D. Farfán-García, Marvin A. Soriano-Ursúa
Undeniably, the development of BCCs is appealing. At present, only a limited number of cases of boron intoxication involving humans have been described. Oral exposure of adults to high levels of boric acid has resulted in little or no observable toxicity, as seen in accidental poisonings up to 88 g, of which 90% of the cases were asymptomatic (Uluisik, Karakaya, and Koc 2018). Moreover, recent studies have indicated that boron has positive effects on human health, emphasizing its beneficial roles in bone development, the antioxidant defense system, mineral and hormone metabolism, wound healing, energy metabolism, and the immune system (Kuru et al. 2019). In light of the evidence, boron could be considered as a promising option to make positive contributions to human health (Bakirdere, Orenay, and Korkmaz 2010).
Reprotoxic and Endocrine Substances
Published in Małgorzata Pośniak, Emerging Chemical Risks in the Work Environment, 2020
Katarzyna Miranowicz-Dzierżawska
Boric acid and borates are used to pest control, including insects, dust mites, algae, fungi, and higher plants. They are typically used for eliminating ants, fleas, termites, cockroaches, as well as insects and fungi in wood. Sodium metaborate is used as an herbicide, and disodium octaborate is used for woodworking [Cox 2004].
Geothermal water treatment in Poland
Published in Jochen Bundschuh, Barbara Tomaszewska, Geothermal Water Management, 2018
Geothermal waters contain large amounts of silica, potassium and microelements, such as Li, Sr, B, Br, I. The extraction, electrolysis and precipitation of sulfate salts from geothermal waters is performed in many regions of the world (Gallup, 1998, 2007). Boron is a particularly valuable microelement, but for its recovery to be possible the solution must be highly concentrated; that is, its content in the solution should amount to several hundred mg L−1. The addition of hydrochloric acid to a saturated borax solution allows the precipitation of boric acid B(OH)3 from water. It crystallizes in the form of soft, pearly white triclinic crystals. Boric acid can be used as a fertilizer, wood preservative, gentle disinfectant and also food preservative (Tomaszewska and Szczepański, 2014). Industrial-scale measures related to the recovery of borax and boric acid from geothermal water have been undertaken in Italy (Barbier, 2002; Gallup, 1998; Lund and Freeston, 2001). In Lardarello (Tuscany), 50,000 metric tons of boric acid and 12,000 tons of borax are produced annually from geothermal waters (Carella and Sommaruga, 2000).
Techno-economic Analysis of Boric Acid Production from Colemanite Mineral and Sulfuric Acid
Published in Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy Review, 2022
Mehmet Gönen, Dylan D. Rodene, Sandeep Panda, Ata Akcil
Boric acid is a fundamental boronic compound that is produced either from various boron-based minerals i.e., colemanite, tincal, and ulexite (Ekmekyapar, Künkül and Demirkıran 2010) or naturally occurring boron brines (Roskill 2010). Boric acid is a white, odorless powder that exhibits a monoclinic crystalline structure and has good solubility in water and other polar solvents (Smith 2000). It is generally used as a starting material for the production of many boron-based chemicals such as borate esters, synthetic organic borate salts, boron carbide, boron trihalides, fluoroborates (Roskill 2010; Smith 2000). Since boric acid is utilized for the synthesis of a wide variety of boronated compounds which are used in high-tech applications e.g., heat and scratch-resistant glasses for smartphones, computers and TVs, production is still studied intensively (Budak and Gönen 2014; Bulutcu, Ertekin and Celikoyan 2008; Choi et al. 2004; Gönen, Nyankson and Gupta 2016, Kuskay and Bulutcu 2011). However, for these studies, there have been several concerns such as product purity (Bulutcu, Ertekin and Celikoyan 2008), production cost and environmental pollution (An and Xue 2014). The production process of boric acid is greatly influenced by the availability of boron-based minerals. Turkey has the largest ulexite, tincal and colemanite reserves (approx. 75–80%) in the world and colemanite is the most abundant boron-based mineral (Tagliabue, Reverberi and Bagatin 2014). Therefore, a techno-economic analysis of boric acid production in Turkey via reacting colemanite and sulfuric acid in an aqueous phase is of interest (Bulutcu, Ertekin and Celikoyan 2008; Smith 2000).
Do ozone and boric acid affect microleakage in class V composite restorations?
Published in Ozone: Science & Engineering, 2019
Suzan Cangul, Zehra Susgun Yildirim, Emrullah Bahsi, Savas Sagmak, Omer Satici
Boric acid (BA) is a weak inorganic acid, used as a bacteriostatic acid in yeast and fungal infections in plants and humans. A series of studies made with boric acid have determined that the use of boric acid in treatment caused mitochondrial degeneration and reduced oxidative metabolism (De Seta et al. 2009). According to previous research, the topical application of boric acid used as a bacteriostatic and fungistatic agent (Turk, Kaval, and Sen 2015). It has been seen to be safe in the short term and negative effects were limited (Brittingham and Wilson 2014).