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Pharmaceutical Applications of Albumin
Published in Amit Kumar Nayak, Md Saquib Hasnain, Dilipkumar Pal, Natural Polymers for Pharmaceutical Applications, 2019
Triple-negative breast cancer is one of the most challenging cancer conditions for clinical management. HSA nanoparticles with lapatinib cargo inhibited the adhesion, migration, and invasion ability of high brain-metastatic 4T1 cells in-vitro. The nanoparticles also enhanced the survival time of brain metastatic cancer infected mice (Wan et al., 2016). Albendazole entrapped in albumin nanoparticles showed selective toxicity towards ovarian cancer cells compared to healthy ovarian epithelial cells. Nano-albendazole efficiently reduced tumor burden and number of ascites cells in an ovarian cancer xenograft model (Noorani et al., 2015). Dasatinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor used for the treatment of myeloid leukemia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia, but its clinical use is limited by serious adverse effects. Cell-specific delivery of the drug is achieved by loading it into albumin nanoparticles, which reduced drug-induced endothelial hyperpermeability without compromising on its anti-leukemia efficacy (Dong et al., 2016). Radionuclide Immune albumin nanosphere design exhibited high drug encapsulation ratio with selective affinity in case of α-fetoprotein positive hepatoma and thereby holds promising potential for its use in radiation gene therapy (Lin et al., 2016). Acyclovir-loaded BSA nanoparticles could easily infuse through human corneal epithelial T cells multilayers without eliciting any toxic response on the cells. Therefore these nanoparticles were definitely better ocular delivery options than simple drug solutions (Suwannoi et al., 2017). Liver cancer cells show overexpression of glycyrrhetinic acid receptor. Doxorubicin-loaded albumin nanoparticles were decorated with glycyrrhetinic acid to effect maximum localization and cytotoxicity in liver cancer cells (Qi et al., 2015). In another study, loading of doxorubicin and other anthracycline derivatives in albumin nanoparticles were experimented through different formulation techniques like covalent bonding or surface adsorption (Kimura et al., 2018). All the nanoparticles with diverse therapeutic load showed similar cellular toxicity. The study provided an insight regarding the formulation development aspects of albumin nanoparticles (Figure 2.3). Albumin nanoparticle for the delivery of different drugs.
Glycyrrhizin and Omega-3 fatty acids have hepatoprotective roles through toll-like receptor-4
Published in Egyptian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 2019
Nada F. Abo El-Magd, Amro El-Karef, Mamdouh M. El-Shishtawy, Laila A. Eissa
Glycyrrhizin (GL), the main bioactive component of licorice root extract, is a glycosylated saponin composed of one molecule of glycyrrhetinic acid and two molecules of glucuronic acid [9]. GL has potent anti-inflammatory properties which are thought to play a vital role in its hepatoprotective effects [10]. GL is reported to bind directly to HMGB1 so it decreases the HMGB1 concentration [11]. Experimental strategies that selectively target HMGB1 prevent activation of innate immunity and inflammation effectively. So, they protect different tissues against injury and damage [7].