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Recycling Realities and the Glass Container: New Technologies and Trends
Published in Robert E. Landreth, Paul A. Rebers, Municipal Solid Wastes, 2020
From a manufacturing standpoint, using cullet (used glass) can save wear and tear on furnaces, resulting in saving on maintenance. Cullet can be melted at a temperature lower than that necessary to melt virgin materials. This reduced melting point also allows glass container manufacturers to reduce energy input to furnaces (as much as $3 to $8 per ton, depending on utility rates and furnace size). Additionally, glass recycling has environmental benefits, such as reduced air emissions and also prolongs furnace life. The only material glass container manufacturers use more than cutlet is sand.
Boosting green architecture by recycling waste glass into fiberglass
Published in Gianni Montagna, Cristina Carvalho, Textiles, Identity and Innovation: In Touch, 2020
A common industrial procedure in the glass manufacturing process is to add to the mix of the raw materials a certain amount of waste glass (broken pieces of waste glass), thus significantly reducing the cost of production. Glass is a non-porous material that withstands temperatures up to 150 °C (ordinary glass) without losing its physicochemical properties. This means that the products can be reused several times for the same purpose as new glass production. Glass recycling means sending the packaging producer the used glass to be reused as raw material in the production of new packaging. Thus, it is concluded that the glass is practically 100% recyclable, with no material loss during the melting process. For each tone of clean (used) glass waste, one tone of new glass is obtained. In addition to reducing the consumption of raw material taken from nature, the addition of the waste to the mixture reduces the melting time in the glass manufacturing, resulting in a significant reduction in the production energy consumption, ie, a reduction in the cost of the material. manufacture of new glass. It also carries the decrease in the volume of waste to be sent to the landfill.
Waste Product Profiles
Published in John T. Aquino, Waste Age/Recycling Times’, 2020
Other limitations to glass recycling include a glut of green containers, due to large numbers of imported green bottles and limited American production of green bottles; potentially high transportation costs; broken glass contamination of other recyclables in some collection systems; and the very low costs for virgin raw materials such as sand and limestone.
CFNN-PSO: An Iterative Predictive Model for Generic Parametric Design of Machining Processes
Published in Applied Artificial Intelligence, 2019
Tamal Ghosh, Kristian Martinsen
Soda–lime–silica glass is the most prevalent type of glass used for windowpanes, and glass containers for beverages, food, and some commodity items. Glass bake ware is often made of tempered soda lime glass. Soda lime glass accounts for about 90% of manufactured glass. Soda lime glass is relatively inexpensive, chemically stable, reasonably hard, and extremely workable. Since it is capable of being re-softened and re-melted numerous times, it is ideal for glass recycling. Soda–lime glass is prepared by melting the raw material, such as sodium carbonate (soda), lime, dolomite, silicon dioxide (silica), aluminum oxide (alumina) and small quantities of fining agents (e.g., sodium sulfate, sodium chloride) in a glass furnace at temperature locally up to 1650°C.
Application of glass with different impurities as an electron beam dosimeter
Published in Radiation Effects and Defects in Solids, 2022
H. Zareshahy, S. P. Shirmardi, M. Askarbioki, A. A. Sabouri Dodaran
These glasses are known as soda lime because of the compounds of calcium carbonate or soda lime. Soda lime glass is relatively cheap, chemically stable, quite hard and very efficient. It is ideal for glass recycling because it can be rebuilt and re-melted several times. Its melting point is 1723 degrees and it has a high viscosity.