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Determination and correlation of liquid-liquid equilibrium of water + furfuryl alcohol + extractant
Published in Binoy K. Saikia, Advances in Applied Chemistry and Industrial Catalysis, 2022
Houchun Yan, Qingqing Yin, Yuanyuan Han, Mai Han, Qingsong Li
Furfuryl alcohol is a significant raw material for the production of furan resin. The purity of its industrial products is greater than 98%, and the water content is less than 0.3%. Due to the low requirement for water content, a large amount of wastewater needs to be removed in the production of furfuryl alcohol (Meng et al. 2016; Sharma et al. 2013; Vargas-Hernández et al. 2014). In addition, in the production process of 2-methylfuran and other products, wastewater will also be produced, which contains about 10% furfuryl alcohol. Based on the annual output of 5000 tons of 2-methylfuran, the furfuryl alcohol contained in the produced furfuryl alcohol wastewater was calculated to be about 420 t/a (Zhao et al. 2020). According to GC-MS analysis of furfuryl alcohol wastewater, there are more than 40 kinds of organic substances (furfuryl alcohol, acetic acid, furfural and other alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, esters and organic acids). Furfuryl alcohol wastewater is difficult to treat, with low biodegradability and great damage to the environment and ecology. It is a highly difficult organic wastewater. At present, there are few studies on the treatment of furfuryl alcohol wastewater (Xiong et al. 2020). Generally, the wastewater containing furfuryl alcohol will be biochemically treated with other heavy phase organics together in industry. The cost of this treatment method is high, requiring about 2000-3000 RMB per ton (Zhao et al. 2020). Therefore, the reasonable treatment of these wastewater is very important.
Biological Properties of Chemically Modified Wood
Published in David N.-S. Hon, Chemical Modification of Lignocellulosic Materials, 2017
Furfuryl alcohol (FFA) is produced by a partial reduction of furfural, which is derived from pentose-containing plant materials such as com cob, straw, and hardwood residues. Dimensional stabilization has been achieved by the impregnation and polymerization of FFA into wood with or without a catalyst [50]. Acid polymerization of FFA is known to involve intermolecular dehydration of alcoholic groups under formation of a polymer composed of furan nuclei linked by methylene bridges [51]. Heating at 100°C gave a high yield of furan resin into the wood impregnated with FFA solution [52]. FFA has been studied as a nonconventional bonding agent to form coavalent bonds with the wood surface [51] but has not been studied as a method of wood preservation.
Biofine Hydrolysis Process and Derivative Product Upgrading Technologies
Published in Yatish T. Shah, Water for Energy and Fuel Production, 2014
Furfuryl is produced from the hemicellulose pentose fractions of biomass. Xylose is the predominant pentose and hemicellulosic arabinose is found to a lesser extent in most of the feedstock. Furfuryl can be sold as a solvent or converted to furfuryl alcohol, which in turn can be converted to THF and LA as shown by Hayes et al. [8]. Furfuryl alcohol is a monomer of furan resins that are mainly used as foundry binders. It is produced by hydrogenation of furfuryl. THF is produced by decarbonylation of furfuryl to furan followed by catalytic hydrogenation [40]. Furfuryl alcohol, when boiled in ethyl methyl ketone in the presence of HCl, gives rise to 90%–93% yield of LA [17].
Recovery of waste biomass: pyrolysis and characterization of sugarcane residues and their bio-oils
Published in Biofuels, 2022
Jamilly A. S. Barros, Jaderson K. Schneider, Rafael O. Farrapeira, Yasmine B. Andrade, Laiza C. Krause, Thiago R. Bjerk, Elina B. Caramão
Furfural is produced from agricultural raw materials (or residues) rich in pentosan polymers (hemicellulose fraction) by acid degradation and its price is in the level of petrochemicals such as benzene and toluene [40]. Furfural derivatives are of great importance in the chemical industry, these substances allow some applications, such as the production of plastics, nylons, adhesives and lubricants. In addition, HMF has been used for the production of special phenolic resins, as well as several other polymerizable furanic monomers with promising properties. Through hydrogenation of furfural, furfuryl alcohol can be produced, which has a series of applications in the chemical industry, such as starting material in the production of tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, in the manufacture of resins and as an intermediary in the production of fragrances and vitamin C [40]. 5-methyl-furfural is also applied in the preparation of air gel [41].
Furfuryl alcohol-aldehyde plywood adhesive resins
Published in The Journal of Adhesion, 2020
Xuedong Xi, Zhigang Wu, Antonio Pizzi, Christine Gerardin, Hong Lei, Guanben Du
One of the biosourced materials that has been used in combination with phenol, tannins, lignin, proteins for a number of applications is furfuryl alcohol.[1,6–9] Furfuryl alcohol is composed of a furanic nuclei and of a hydroxymethyl function, and is obtained by reduction of furfural. Furfural is obtained by acidification of waste vegetable materials such as sugar cane bagasse, softwoods and hardwoods waste as well as from cereals straw. Furanic resins and phenol-furanic resins are known and used commercially, for example to bind foundry cores sand.[10,11] However, furanic resins alone have not been used as wood adhesives, probably among others for their dark colour, nonetheless that they tend to have excellent water and weather resistance. Their main drawback, in the case of furfuryl alcohol is the necessity to have a very acid pH for curing. While this is acceptable for certain applications it is not suitable for wood adhesives, where too low a pH and too high a residual acidity would hydrolyse the holocellulose of wood at the interface. This would cause, eventually, interfacial failure of the bonded wood joint or panel. However, recent work has also shown that reaction of furfuryl alcohol can occur under alkaline conditions.[12]