Food energy

Food energy

Principles of Physics

Published in Arthur T. Johnson, Biology for Engineers, 2019

Chemists have traditionally used calories as the unit of chemical energy. Nutritionists have used kilocalories, or 1000 calories, to express food energy. Ergonomists have used Joules as the metric unit of work. Because energy forms are interchangeable, these units can each be converted into the others, allowing us to calculate the amount of muscular work able to be theoretically obtained from a hamburger.

Improved Implicit Stochastic Optimization technique under drought conditions: the case study of Agri–Sinni water system

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Journal Information

Published in International Journal of River Basin Management, 2018

Andrea Sulis

Figure 2 shows the water system configuration within the Graphical User Interface (GUI) of MODSIM. Monte Cotugno and Pertusillo are multipurpose reservoirs supporting regional water security in the context of the water–food–energy–environment nexus. In particular, most of the reservoir operations at Monte Cotugno and Pertusillo are guided by balancing water supply for urban, agricultural and industrial uses, and flood control. Currently, the reservoir operations for flood control are released as monthly look-up tables that include two main flood stages (Table 1): the stage prior to possible flood arrival (from November to March): reservoir releases exceeding the total demand assure a flood control volume, expressed as a monthly predefined percentage of the maximum capacity, for the upcoming flood;the stage after the possible peak flow (from April to October): no flood control volume is reserved and water is immediately released for urban, agricultural and industrial uses without retaining that water in storage for possible future beneficial uses.

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Principles of Physics

Improved Implicit Stochastic Optimization technique under drought conditions: the case study of Agri–Sinni water system