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Effect of Chemical Structure on Polymer Properties
Published in Anil Kumar, Rakesh K. Gupta, Fundamentals of Polymer Engineering, 2018
Cellulose ethers (e.g., ethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose) are important modifications of cellulose. Ethyl cellulose is prepared by reacting alkali cellulose with ethyl chloride under pressure. If the etherification is small and the average number of ethoxy groups per glucose molecule is about unity, the modified polymer is soluble in water. However, as the degree of substitution increases, the polymer dissolves in nonpolar solvents only. Ethyl cellulose is commonly used as a coating on metal parts to protect against corrosion during shipment and storage.
Polymers in Special Uses
Published in Manas Chanda, Plastics Technology Handbook, 2017
Microencapsulation is common in pharmaceutical industry, particularly when sustained release of a medication is required. Ethyl cellulose is a common coating material. Most capsules are formed by solvent evaporation, polymer–polymer phase separation, or fluidized-bed coating process. Common examples of encapsulated drugs include aspirin, acetaminophen, ampicillin, and potassium chloride. Orally administered capsules serve to conceal an unpleasant taste and reduce gastrointestinal irritation that can be caused by oral unencapsulated drug.
Preparation and characterization of ketorolac tromethamine-loaded ethyl cellulose micro-/nanospheres using different techniques
Published in Particulate Science and Technology, 2018
Pankaj Wagh, Arun Mujumdar, Jitendra B. Naik
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used for the treatment of inflammatory and rheumatic disorders such as dysplasia of the hip, chronic arthritis, and spondylitis. Most common side effects arise due to use of NSAIDs are ulcer and gastrointestinal tract irritation (Jelen et al. 2008; Deshmukh and Naik 2014). Ketorolac tromethamine (KTC) is a potent analgesic, and anti-inflammatory drug. Based on animal studies, it appears that KTC has relatively more pronounced analgesic activity than the other NSAIDs (Martindale 2005). Polymers are playing very important role in pharmaceutical areas, such as tissue engineering and drug delivery. Formulation of these polymers into suitable solid dosage forms plays significant role in safety, stability, and efficiency of the products. Ethyl cellulose (EC) is commonly used as a drug carrier in controlled drug delivery system (Montes et al. 2012). Ethyl cellulose is a hydrophobic polymer commonly used for the preparation of controlled release dosage form due to its wide range of practically applicable properties, such as low toxicity, good film forming ability, and relatively low cost (Song et al. 2005; Arias et al. 2007; Deshmukh and Naik 2014). The design of pharmaceutical preparations in nanoparticulate form is a new approach for oral drug delivery. Particle size and particle size distribution are critical constraints that regulate the rate of dissolution of the drug in the biological fluids (Tenorio et al. 2010).
Development of self-healing coatings based on ethyl cellulose micro/nano-capsules
Published in Surface Engineering, 2019
Sogand Abbaspoor, Ali Ashrafi, Reza Abolfarsi
Various materials have been used as capsules shells encapsulating healing agents, such as urea-formaldehyde [10–13], poly(urea-formaldehyde) [14–16], melamine(urea-formaldehyde) [17,18], polyurethane (PU) [19,20] and epoxy resins [21,22] embedded in polymeric matrixes. Recently, the use of natural polymers receives considerable attention, especially because of their environmentally friendly character. Ethyl cellulose (EC) is a frequently used hydrophobic polymeric coating material for drug release applications and other sustained delivery systems [23].