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History of Chemical Exposure Assessment
Published in Jack Daugherty, Assessment of Chemical Exposures, 2020
Public health is that body of medical knowledge and practice that concerns itself with preservation of the health of the community, as opposed to maintaining the health of individuals within the community. The public health official, then, will want to know what diseases or injuries can be expected from public exposure to a chemical. Environmental health is the science of preserving public health and ecosystems, within the context of the environment, which transcends the proximate community of humanity. Epidemiology is the study of disease occurrence and causes, while health physics deals with radiological exposures, and industrial hygiene deals primarily with occupational exposures only. Occupational epidemiology specifically studies diseases incurred in the workplace, whereas environmental epidemiology concentrates on those encountered in our non-occupational, non-residential surroundings. Toxicology examines the impact of chemicals on the various systems of the body. Environmental toxicology is the study of the impacts that pollutants have on the structure and function of ecological systems.
Halogenated Aromatic Compounds
Published in Lorris G. Cockerham, Barbara S. Shane, Basic Environmental Toxicology, 2019
Environmental toxicology (or “environmental health”) deals with the hazards of exposure to a variety of potentially toxic substances (chemical stress) concurrent with various conditions of nutritional, microbial, physical, and emotional stresses. The goal is the prediction of risk so the most significant challenges can be attenuated. Most halogenated aromatic compounds are toxic hazards and conditions favoring exposure to them have established there are significant health risks associated with the current usage and/or environmental disposition.
Environmental Aspects
Published in T. H. Christensen, R. Cossu, R. Stegmann, Landfilling of Waste: Biogas, 2020
T. H. Christensen, R. Cossu, R. Stegmann
Environmental toxicology is defined as a subsection of toxicology (differentiating it from ecotoxicology) with the aim of evaluating risks to health from chemicals in the environment. Human health can only be assumed to be completely out of danger if no exposure occurs. A health hazard can no longer be ruled out the moment a substance or a physical factor exists in the human environment. The tasks and aims of environmental toxicology are to recognize, estimate and evaluate and when necessary to limit or avoid the risks.
Mechanistic ecotoxicology and environmental toxicology
Published in Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part C, 2018
Ecotoxicology is a multidisciplinary research area in which biologists, chemists, geologists, statisticians, and computer modelers study the toxic effects of environmental agents on biological populations, communities, and ecosystems. Environmental toxicology, a related field, investigates the effects of toxic agents on individual organisms, organs, tissues, cell types, organelles, and biochemical reactions. The Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part C (JESH-C) aims to publish outstanding scientific review articles and original research reports presenting important and timely subjects in the fields of ecotoxicology and environmental toxicology.