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Chlorinated Solvents and Solvent Stabilizers
Published in Thomas K.G. Mohr, William H. DiGuiseppi, Janet K. Anderson, James W. Hatton, Jeremy Bishop, Barrie Selcoe, William B. Kappleman, Environmental Investigation and Remediation, 2020
Dichloromethane provides a higher solvency than TCE, PCE, or methyl chloroform. Its aggressive solvency makes it an ideal paint remover, and it does not harm wood in the removal process (Dow Chemical Company, 2002; HSIA, 2003). Paint-stripping formulations make up the largest end use of dichloromethane; it has a unique ability to penetrate, blister, and lift a wide variety of paint coatings. Dichloromethane is found in industrial and commercial furniture strippers and in home paint removers, and it is used extensively in both flow-over and dip tanks in furniture-refinishing operations. It is also used in aircraft-maintenance formulations to inspect surfaces for damage (ATSDR, 2000).
Chemicals from Paraffin Hydrocarbons
Published in James G. Speight, Handbook of Petrochemical Processes, 2019
In addition, acetylene is prepared by passing methane through an electric arc. When methane is made to react with chlorine (gas), various chloromethane derivatives are produced: chloromethane (CH3Cl), dichloromethane (CH2Cl2), chloroform (CHCl3), and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). However, the use of these chemicals is declining—acetylene may be replaced by less costly substitutes, and the chloromethane derivatives are used less often because of health and environmental concerns.
A comparison study of Fenton-like and Fenton reactions in dichloromethane removal
Published in Environmental Technology, 2022
Dichloromethane (CH2Cl2, DCM) is a common volatile halogenated hydrocarbon, usually used as an industrial solvent, and has been listed as a priority pollutant by US EPA due to high toxicity to the environment and potentially carcinogenic to humans [1–3]. The source of DCM in the environment mainly comes from two ways: one is intentional or accidental leak and discharge during DCM manufacturing and usage stages; another is formed as the conversion product of highly chlorinated hydrocarbons such as tetrachloromethane (CCl4, CT) and chloroform (CHCl3, CF). In recent decades, multiple countries and regions successively report the severe pollution of water bodies by DCM and thus there is an urgent need to the removal of DCM from the environment [4–6].
Morphological effect of dichloromethane on alfalfa (Medicago sativa) cultivated in soil amended with fertilizer manures
Published in International Journal of Phytoremediation, 2021
Sana Dardouri, Asma Jedidi, Sabrine Mejri, Sabrine Hattab, Jalila Sghaier
Dichloromethane is one of the most hazardous pollutant threatening human health and ecosystems. It is a toxic compound potentially carcinogenic for humans (Shestakova and Sillanpää 2013). DCM penetrates the human body orally via water, food or by adsorption through the skin and can cause chemical burns, liver and kidney dysfunctions, pulmonary edema (Cayot et al. 2016). Besides neurotoxic effects and effects on the kidneys and lungs, exposure of laboratory animals to high concentrations of DCM causes toxicity in their central nervous systems, while exposure to low concentrations of DCM can damage the liver. In the case of animals, a single high dose of DCM, whether inhaled (up to 50,000 ppm) or ingested (up to 3825 mg/kg), was discovered to have adverse effects on the cardiovascular and nervous systems.
An overview of selected emerging outdoor airborne pollutants and air quality issues: The need to reduce uncertainty about environmental and human impacts
Published in Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, 2020
Dichloromethane (DCM), also known as methylene chloride, is used as a solvent in a wide range of industrial process applications including painting and cleaning. This compound appears on the WHO air quality guidelines (2016a), is on the list of the US EPA hazardous substances (ANSES 2018) and laboratory studies have shown it causes cancer of the lungs, liver and pancreas in animals (ATSDR 2000). Finally, Galarneau et al. (2016) report that DCM approaches some provincial guidelines (within one order of magnitude) at least 5% of the time. Natural sources of dichloromethane include oceanic sources, macroalgae, wetlands, and volcanoes but industrial emissions contribute to the majority of DCM in the environment (Gribble 2009). More monitoring is needed in Canada to assess the exposure of this pollutant to the population, the evaluation of background levels and the spatio-temporal variability. Reported industrial emissions in 2017 amount to 39 tons in Canada (ECCC 2019).