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Resources and Processing
Published in C. K. Gupta, Extractive Metallurgy of Molybdenum, 2017
Depressants have played a very important role in the flotation of sulfide minerals in addition to oxidic ones as given above. Many reagents have been found to depress molybdenite. These include starch, dextrin, glue, various organic dyes, saporin, and formaldehyde. These organic reagents do not ionize in solution, but form colloidal particles in the pulp which deposit on the mineral surfaces, inhibiting flotation in a similar manner to a slime coating. Of the reagents cited, only dextrin has been commercially used. Dextrin is a nonionic water-soluble polymer, which is obtained from starch. It has the general formula (C6H10O5)n and its molecular weight may vary between 800 and 79,000. For depressing copper and iron sulfide minerals, several effective reagents have been found. Mention may be made of some, as for instance, sodium sulfide, sodium cyanide, potassium ferri- and ferrocyanide, Nokes reagents, and Anamol-D that are in use in various commercial plants.
Applications of Biotechnology: Biology Doing Chemistry
Published in Richard J. Sundberg, The Chemical Century, 2017
Biotechnology’s origins go back before recorded history, with production of wine, beer, and other alcoholic beverages by fermentation being the obvious example. Production of cheese and soy sauce also involves fermentation with microorganisms. Dextrin, made by enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, has been produced commercially since the 1830s. A purified enzyme for cheese-making, rennet, was introduced in 1874, although at that time there was no understanding of the nature of enzymes. In the late 1800s, Eduard Buchner proved that a soluble enzyme was responsible for fermentation of glucose to ethanol. The fact that enzymes were proteins became clear in the early part of the twentieth century.
Components of Energetic Compositions
Published in John A. Conkling, Christopher J. Mocella, Chemistry of Pyrotechnics, 2019
John A. Conkling, Christopher J. Mocella
For example: dextrine, or dextrin—which is produced from corn starch—has been widely used as a binder in the fireworks industry. Water is used as the wetting/activating agent for dextrin, avoiding the cost, environmental issues, and hazards associated with the use of organic solvents. Water-activated binders can only be used when the water does not react with one or more of the components of the mixture or produce particle size change in a component. Thorough drying will be required later in the manufacturing process to fully remove the water from the composition.
Polysaccharide-bonded abrasive tool for green machining of single crystal sapphire
Published in International Journal of Sustainable Engineering, 2020
Zhe Wu, Zhifeng Liu, Xun Lyu, Julong Yuan
According to the FT-IR results in Figure 11, drying product from first layer of centrifugation is dextrin (Gärd, Holmgren, and Forsling 1997). Main peaks in Figure 11 are: stretching vibration of hydrogen-bonded hydroxyl groups in 3340 cm−1; C–H stretching vibrations in 2937 cm−1; CH2 deformation in 1450 cm−1; CH bending in 1398 cm−1; asymmetric stretching of α-C(1)-O-C(4) in 1151 cm−1; CH2 twist in 1025 cm−1; C–O–H bending overlapping with a skeletal mode involving the a (1–4) linkage in 930 cm−1. Dextrin can be used as emulsifying stabilisers and thickeners, adhesives and surface decorators.