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Biomolecules and Tissue Properties
Published in Joseph W. Freeman, Debabrata Banerjee, Building Tissues, 2018
Joseph W. Freeman, Debabrata Banerjee
Dermatan sulfate or chondroitin sulfate B (Figure 3.17) is a GAG found mostly in skin, but also in blood vessels, heart valves, tendons, and lungs. Dermatan sulfate may have roles in coagulation, cardiovascular disease, carcinogenesis, infection, wound repair, and fibrosis. It is also referred to as chondroitin sulfate B.
Naturally Occurring Polymers—Plants
Published in Charles E. Carraher, Carraher's Polymer Chemistry, 2017
Dermatan sulfate is found in the skin, arterial walls, and tendon where it is a part of another proteoglycan complex. It is about the same size as chondroitin sulfate and also able to form helical conformations.
A human pericardium biopolymeric scaffold for autologous heart valve tissue engineering: cellular and extracellular matrix structure and biomechanical properties in comparison with a normal aortic heart valve
Published in Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition, 2018
Frantisek Straka, David Schornik, Jaroslav Masin, Elena Filova, Tomas Mirejovsky, Zuzana Burdikova, Zdenek Svindrych, Hynek Chlup, Lukas Horny, Matej Daniel, Jiri Machac, Jelena Skibová, Jan Pirk, Lucie Bacakova
GAGs are formed from long unbranched chains of repeating disaccharides (N-acetylglucosamine or N-acetylgalactosamine and either uronic acid or galactose). Proteoglycans are formed when GAGs are connected by covalent linkage to a protein core [58]. GAGs (hyaluronan, heparin sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, keratin sulfate) and proteoglycans (decorin, biglycan, versican) were found in all layers, but preferentially in the lamina spongiosa of the NAV leaflets. GAGs connected to fiber-fiber and fiber-matrix interactions at low force levels are able to hydrate the spongiosa layer by binding water molecules by negatively-charged sulfated and carboxylated polysaccharides, and they provide viscoelasticity by dampening the vibrations. In this way, GAGs allow for the compressibility of the leaflets and permit changes in the arrangement of the collagen and of the elastic fibers in the NAV leaflet during cuspal flexure [56,59,60]. GAGs were found uniformly in all layers of the fibrous HP, but in higher amounts in the inner serosal part.