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Nano Delivery of Antiviral Plant Bioactives as Cancer Therapeutics
Published in Devarajan Thangadurai, Saher Islam, Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji, Viral and Antiviral Nanomaterials, 2022
Haripriya Shanmugam, Badma Priya, Manickam Senguttuvan Swetha, Janani Semalaiyappan
Curcumin, a major bioactive found in the rhizomes of turmeric, Curcuma longa L., is broadly used in the traditional system of Indian medicine owing to its antibacterial, antiviral, anticancer, and antifungal activities. Curcumin is suggested to be safe even at higher dosages (12 grams per day) and has fewer side effects. Curcumin and its bioconjugates have shown strong antiviral effects on different viruses, such as influenza viruses [PR8, H1N1, and H6N1], HSV-1, HSV-2, coxsackie virus B3 (CVB3), hepatitis B virus (HBV), human papilloma viruses (HPVs), and Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) (ZorofchianMoghadamtousi et al. 2014). Studies suggest that curcumin majorly exhibits its antiviral effects by interfering with replication of various viruses (Kim and Kim 2015). Curcumin exhibits antitumour characteristics by downregulating NF-kB pathway in prostate cancer, arresting cell cycles in G2 and S phase of breast cancer cells, and colorectal cancer cells, and is involved in shrinking colon cancer cells and in hepatocellular carcinoma (Aggarwal et al. 2003).
Inflammatory Biomarkers: An Important Tool for Herbal Drug Discovery
Published in Mahfoozur Rahman, Sarwar Beg, Mazin A. Zamzami, Hani Choudhry, Aftab Ahmad, Khalid S. Alharbi, Biomarkers as Targeted Herbal Drug Discovery, 2022
Mahfoozur Rahman, Ankit Sahoo, Mohammad Atif, Sarwar Beg
Curcumin (diferuloylmethane), obtained from Curcuma aromatica widely used as coloring and spice agent in food, possesses potent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticarcinogenic properties. The anti-carcinogenic property of curcumin has been reported different cancer (Chuang et al., 2000). Three important curcumin properties were studied with respect to HCC: Anti-HCC; anti-metastatic; and anti-angiogenesis activity. Chuang et al. checked the effect of curcumin on HCC mice model; cancer induced by N-diethylnitrosamine (DEN) and reported that curcumin inhibits effectively DEN-induced HCC in the C3H/HeN mice. Mice treated with DEN show a remarkable increase in the level of p21 (ras), expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and CDC2 protein, while curcumin inverted the level of all these biological markers. The effect of curcumin and tetrahydro-curcumin on tumor angiogenesis of HCC mice is also found in a study conducted by Joysungnoen et al. Human HCC cell line (HepG2) was inoculated with tetrahydro-curcumin orally injected into a dorsal peeling chamber of male BALB/v nude mice at 300 and 300 mg/Kg-1 per day. A fluorescence video microscopy and capillary vascularity (CV) were observed to measure tumor microvasculature. They found a substantial reduction in the curcumin and tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) in the CV. THC and curcumin have a dose-dependent anti-angiogenic effect and represent a common mechanism for their action against cancer (Yoysungnoen et al., 2005, 2006).
Role of Nanotechnology in Selective Targeting of Cancer
Published in Megh R. Goyal, Santosh K. Mishra, Lohith Kumar Dasarahalli-Huligowda, Nanotechnology Applications in Agricultural and Bioprocess Engineering, 2021
Curcumin and emu oil from emu birds have shown promising results against inflammation. The nanoemulsions were prepared using Cremophor, Labrafil, and emu oil. It showed good anti-inflammatory activity when mixed with curcumin [20]. For preparation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), the inexpensive, fast, and renewable strategy was performed in aqueous media utilizing light emitted as the catalyst. The prepared nanocomposite exhibited very high antimicrobial activity against various strains of microorganisms. Another green and clean strategy for the AgNPs preparation used the Delftia’s cell free suspension and demonstrated the both drug delivery agents and antifungal activities [26]. Ginsenoside NPs play important role in carrying insoluble drugs. Dai et al. [9] demonstrated that anticancer drug has enhanced in-vivo and in-vitro effects when loaded on ginsenoside NPs than the free drug.
Protective effects of natural compounds against paraquat-induced pulmonary toxicity: the role of the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway
Published in International Journal of Environmental Health Research, 2023
Hasan Badibostan, Nastaran Eizadi-Mood, A. Wallace Hayes, Gholamreza Karimi
Curcumin is the active ingredient of turmeric that is obtained from the roots of Curcuma longa (Hewlings and Kalman 2017; Valokola et al. 2019). It has major biological effects including antioxidant, hepatoprotective, and immune-modulatory action (Hosseinzadeh et al. 2011; Shakeri et al. 2019). The ameliorating effects of curcumin and nanocurcumin were demonstrated in PQ-induced lung injury (Hosseini et al. 2019). In this study, the expression of Keap1 diminished in animals; however, the levels of Nrf2, HO-1, and NQO1 were enhanced. The negative regulator, Keap1, if detached from Nrf2 will activate Nrf2 and its downstream pathway. The administration of this antioxidant has been reported to reduce the severity of pulmonary fibrosis (collagen deposition) in rats (Hosseini et al. 2019).
Application of mesoporous calcium silicate nanoparticles as a potential SD carrier to improve the solubility of curcumin
Published in Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 2022
Jing Deng, Jinwen Wang, Hang Hu, Jun Hong, Lei Yang, Huan Zhou, Defeng Xu
Curcumin, a low molecular weight phenolic substance extracted from the rhizome of the traditional Chinese herb turmeric, has been widely reported to possess antioxidant,[1,2] antibacterial,[3] anti-inflammatory,[4] antitumor,[5,6] and anticancer properties.[7] However, curcumin is classified as a class II drug by the Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS) due to its poor water solubility and dissolution rate in the gastrointestinal tract,[8] leading to limited bioavailability of curcumin.[9,10]
Molecular dynamics simulation studies on the concentration-dependent interaction of dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide with curcumin
Published in Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 2022
Yinglin Liu, Hui Yan, He Liu, Jie Liu, Bin Sun, Min Liu
Curcumin is a well-known natural dietary polyphenol extracted from the roots of the plant Curcumin longa.[1] It exhibits keto–enol tautomerism under physiological conditions. Human clinical trials indicated that curcumin has no dose-limiting toxicity when administered at doses up to 10 g/day.[2] Accordingly, curcumin is commonly used as coloring agent and food additive due to its safety for human use.[3] More importantly, curcumin has been shown to possess diverse therapeutic activities, including anti-cancer,[2,4] anti-oxidant,[5] anti-inflammatory, [6] wound healing [7] and anti-microbial effects. [8]