China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
List of Chemical Substances
Published in T.S.S. Dikshith, and Safety, 2016
Cefadroxil is a light orange colored powder. It is a cephalosporin antibiotic and is used for the treatment of bacterial infections. Cefadroxil is stable under recommended storage conditions. Cefadroxil is not considered hazardous when handled under normal medical conditions and with good housekeeping.
β-Lactams and Related Compounds as Antibacterials and β-Lactamase Inhibitors
Published in Peter Grunwald, Pharmaceutical Biocatalysis, 2020
Ulrike Holzgrabe, Jens Schmitz
The oxime ether function is known to be responsible for β-lactamase stability of cephalosporins since quite some time. It can be found in third- and fourth-generation of cephalosporins, such as cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, cefazidime and cefepime, respectively.
Simple and rapid determination of cephalexin by digital colorimetry using a laboratory-developed smartphone application
Published in Instrumentation Science & Technology, 2022
Anastasiia V. Tumskaia, Ilya V. Loginov, Roman S. Tumskiy, Irina V. Kosyreva
Cephalexin is a semi-synthetic antibiotic from the group of cephalosporins, which is active against gram-positive and some gram-negative bacteria. [1] Сephalosporins, like penicillins, inhibit transpeptidase, which are involved in the synthesis of the bacterial cell membrane. The β-lactam ring of cephalosporins is condensed with a six-membered thiazine ring and acts as a pharmacophore group. Currently, in medicine, cephalexin is used for the treatment infections of the genitourinary system (pyelonephritis, cystitis, urethritis, prostatitis), infections of the upper and lower respiratory tract (bronchitis, acute pneumonia), skin infections, and soft tissues (furunculosis, abscess, phlegmon).[2,3] Cephalexin is included in the World Health Organization (WHO) List of Essential Medicines.[4]
DNA-interaction studies of a copper(II) complex containing ceftobiprole drug using molecular modeling and multispectroscopic methods
Published in Journal of Coordination Chemistry, 2018
Nahid Shahabadi, Soraya Moradi Fili
Since the discovery of penicillin by Alexander Fleming and its introduction into general medical practice in the 1940s, β-lactam compounds have become one of the three largest classes of antibiotics. They comprise more than half of the antibiotics used worldwide for the treatment of a variety of infectious diseases. These antibiotics represent a broad class of polar hydrophilic compounds containing a β-lactam ring. They act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptide glycan layer of the bacterial cell wall, thereby impairing the structural integrity of the cell. Subsequent drug discovery and development has produced more β-lactam antibiotics, which are, at present, divided into four groups based on their chemical structures: penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems, and monobactams [2, 3]. Ceftobiprole (Zevtera/Mabelio) is a new 5th-generation cephalosporin for the treatment of hospital-acquired pneumonia (excluding ventilator-associated pneumonia) and community-acquired pneumonia. Like other cephalosporins, ceftobiprole exerts its antibacterial activity by binding to important penicillin-binding proteins and inhibiting their transpeptidase activity which is essential for the synthesis of bacterial cell walls [4, 5].
Insight into intermolecular interactions and hydration properties of biologically active amino acids in aqueous solutions of cefepime: volumetric, compressibility and viscometric studies
Published in Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 2021
Suvarcha Chauhan, Neetika Kumari, Lalita Pathania
Cefepime (Scheme 1), the drug used in the present study is a broad spectrum fourth-generation cephalosporin antibiotic.[6] It is 3-(N-methylpyrrolidino) methyl derivative of 7-α-oxyimino series of third-generation cephalosporins and differs from these compounds by a quaternerized side chain at the C-5 position, i.e., it is a zwitterion.[7] It has an enhanced activity against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Mainly, it is used for the treatment of lower respiratory tract, intra-abdominal and urinary tract infections; skin and soft tissue infections; female reproductive tract infections etc.[8]