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Polymerization Techniques
Published in A. Sezai Sarac, Nanofibers of Conjugated Polymers, 2017
An electrohydrodynamic polymerization technique was introduced for the electrosynthesis of CP/insulating polymer nanocomposites. By this method optically active PANI colloids were prepared in a divided electrochemical flow-through cell via the polymerization of aniline in aqueous sulfuric acid/enantiomer of 10-camphorsulfonic acid, and polystyrenesulfonic acid as a stabilizer and codopant.135
Multi-arm ionic liquid crystals formed by cholesteric mesophase and pyridinium groups
Published in Liquid Crystals, 2019
Xinqiao Tang, Lu Bai, Shengwen Kong, Xiaodong Wang, Fanbao Meng
The star-shaped ILCs ([ChBA-BTI][X], [ChBA-bIPD][X], [X] = BF4, PF6, CF3COO, D-MH-SO3H, H2PO4, p-Toluenesulfonic acid (PTs)) were synthesised by an anion-exchange reaction using each compounds of ChBA-BTI and ChBA-bIPD with tetrafluoroboric acid, hexafluorophosphoric acid, trifluoroacetic acid, D-camphorsulfonic acid, phosphoric acid and p-toluene-sulfonic acid, respectively, as shown in Figure 1. The synthesis of [ChBA-bIPD][BF4] is treated as an example because all the star-shaped ILCs were synthesised in the same procedures. The earlier sample of [ChBA-bIPD]Br (2.25g) was added into 50 mL of 1 N tetrafluoroboric acid aqueous solution. The reaction mixture was kept vigorous stirring at room temperature for 3 days. The precipitates were segregated by filtration when the reaction was finished. The anion-exchange reaction was monitored by silver nitrate indicator solution until disappearance of Br− in the filtrate, indicating that Br− in [ChBA-bIPD]Br should be completely replaced by BF4−. The precipitates were washed three times by ethanol, dried at 55°C under vacuum for 2 days to obtain 2.01 g of [ChBA-bIPD][BF4]. The production was stored in a N2-atmosphere glovebox. FTIR (KBr, cm−1): 2907, 2857 (C-H), 1729 (C = O), 1628, 1601 (C = N in pyridine), 1458 (C-N), 1176 (C-O), 1076 (B-F stretching). 1H-NMR (CDCl3, δ, ppm): 8.54 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 8 H, pyridyl -CH-N+), 8.00 (d, J = 8.3 Hz, 8 H, pyridyl -CH–CH-N+), 5.40–5.35 (m, 4 H, −C = H in cholesteryl), 4.60–4.52 (m, 4H, −COOCH− in cholesteryl), 4.38 (s, 8H, −CH2− in pentaerythritol), 2.5–0.55 (m, 196H, -CH-, -CH2- and – CH3 in cholesteryl). 13C-NMR (CDCl3, δ, ppm): 174.2, 167.2 (O = C), 141.6, 140.5 (-C = CH), 139.1 (=C-C = O), 124.3, 122.0 (-C = CH), 116.1 (O-CH2-C-O), 75.8 (O-CH-), 61.8, 61.4, 61.1, 56.8, 56.4, 50.8, 43.3, 39.5, 39.3, 37.5, 36.8, 35.8, 32.8, 32.4, 31.2, 28.5, 28.3, 27.8, 24.8, 24.6, 22.9, 22.2, 21.3, 19.8, 18.9, 17.9 (C-C). HRMS (m/z): found 2377.2353, calculated for (C153H228N4O16)+ 2377.7128.