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The Role of Plasma Membrane Proteins in Tolerance of Dehydration in the Plant Cell
Published in Hasanuzzaman Mirza, Nahar Kamrun, Fujita Masayuki, Oku Hirosuke, Tofazzal M. Islam, Approaches for Enhancing Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants, 2019
Pragya Barua, Dipak Gayen, Nilesh Vikram Land, Subhra Chakraborty, Niranjan Chakraborty
Brassinosteroids (BR) are a class of plant steroid hormones that have a role in the development of seeds and modulation of flowering and senescence. However, some components of the BR-signaling pathway can act as multifunctional molecules participating in the crosstalk of several signaling pathways, including stress response. BR are perceived by the BRI1 transmembrane receptor, which again belongs to a class of LRR-RLK. They can dimerize in the PM in a ligand-independent manner (Russinova et al., 2004). The regulation of this receptor is accompanied by phosphorylation events at multiple sites in its cytosolic kinase domains. Brassinosteroid signaling kinase 5 (BSK5), mainly distributed in the PM and nucleus, participates in salt stress response and ABA-mediated drought stress tolerance. This kinase also regulates ABA-mediated stomatal closure under drought and negatively regulates drought stress response through gene expression modulation (Li et al., 2012). BRI1-associated receptor kinase 1 (BAK1) gets activated by transphosphorylation upon binding to BRI1.
Roles of phytohormones in mitigating abiotic stress in plants induced by metal(loid)s As, Cd, Cr, Hg, and Pb
Published in Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 2023
Zhi-Hua Dai, Dong-Xing Guan, Jochen Bundschuh, Lena Q. Ma
Unlike cytokinin, metal(loid)-stress increases the brassinosteroid production in plants. For example, AsV promotes the brassinosteroid synthesis in mustard plants, while the brassinosteroid signaling pathway is activated in A. thaliana under 50 μM Cd exposure (Kanwar & Bhardwaj, 2015; Villiers et al., 2012). Metal(loid)-induced synthesis of brassinosteroids is probably a anti-stress defense strategy adopted by plants (Kanwar & Bhardwaj, 2015). Since brassinosteroids regulate cell division and elongation, they probably play a vital role in plant growth under metal(loid)-stress (Peleg & Blumwald, 2011).