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Resources and Sustainable Materials
Published in Stanley E. Manahan, Environmental Chemistry, 2022
Zinc is widely used as the metal and to make alloys, particularly brass, an alloy with copper that is widely recycled. Lesser amounts of zinc are used to make zinc chemicals. One of the larger uses for zinc is as a corrosion-resistant coating on steel. This application, refined to a high degree in the automotive industry in recent years, has significantly lengthened the life span of automotive bodies and frames. It is difficult to reclaim zinc from zinc plating. However, zinc is a volatile element, and it can be recovered in baghouse dust from electric arc furnaces used to reprocess scrap steel.
Applied Chemistry and Physics
Published in Robert A. Burke, Applied Chemistry and Physics, 2020
Salts Salt compounds are made up of a metal and a nonmetal (Figure 3.24). They are all solids and generally do not burn. Metals do not bond together. Metals that are combined are melted and mixed together to form an alloy, in which the metals do not react chemically. For example, copper and zinc are melted and mixed together to make brass. Brass is not an element. There is no chemical bond involved, but rather it is just a mixture of zinc and copper.
Ferrous and non-ferrous metals
Published in Arthur Lyons, Materials for Architects and Builders, 2019
Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc, most commonly with zinc content between 10% and 45%. It is used for small components such as architectural ironmongery, door and window furniture, and handrails and balustrades. It may be lacquered to prevent deterioration of the polished finish, although externally and in humid environments the lacquer fails, requiring the brass to be cleaned with metal polish to remove the tarnish. Brass plumbing fittings manufactured from 60/40 brass may corrode in soft, high-chloride content waters by dezincification. The process produces insoluble zinc corrosion products and ultimately porous metal fittings that may cause failure of the system. In situations where this problem is likely, dezincification-resistant (DZR) fittings made from alloy CW602N containing 2% lead should be used. Such components are marked with the ‘’ dezincification-resistant symbol.
Highly corrosion and wear-resistant NiW–SiC–CeO2 composite coating
Published in Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly, 2023
In many industries such as electronics, automotive, power utilities, and marine construction, brass has been extensively used due to its low price, high heat, electrical conductivity, and machinability properties. However, brass does not provide good wear and corrosion resistance especially when it is exposed to moist environments producing harmful corrosive by-products that can adversely affect the ecosystem. As well, brass possesses low mechanical strength and ductility especially when the zinc content increases. As a result, the life-span of devices will be significantly shortened and all the energy and human resources will be wasted once the device is damaged [1–4]. Therefore, various protective barrier coatings were developed and designed to overcome this problem and enhance the mechanical, wear, and corrosion performance of brass against harsh environments.
Joint optimization of quality and cost in brass casting using stochastic programming
Published in Engineering Optimization, 2020
Ümit Sami Sakalli, Burak Birgören
Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc (the essential ingredients) and other trace metals, called impurities, such as tin, lead, nickel, iron, aluminium and antimony. Brass types are classified based on the weight percentages of these metals in their composition. Brass is produced by melting pure and scrap materials in a casting operation. Scrap materials are cheaper than pure materials, hence their use allows for a significant reduction in material cost. However, since they contain varying (and uncertain) percentages of the above-stated metals, the use of larger amounts of scrap material can result in the violation of specification limits for the end product. The higher the variability, the greater the probability of limit violations. Therefore, preparing a mixture of materials for the melting operation is a critical optimization process, which is also referred to as the ‘blending problem’ in the literature.
Micro-forming analysis of ultra-thin brass foil
Published in Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 2019
Anil Mashalkar, Ganesh Kakandikar, Vilas Nandedkar
Alpha brass is an alloy of copper and zinc that may include additional metals such as lead. The chemical composition of brass applied in research is 63% copper and 37% zinc. Being strong, machinable, tough, electrically conductive, corrosion resistant, and easy to form property with high strength, brass is widely applied in majority of industries. It includes electronics, aerospace, automotive, and medical equipments. The research work presents experimental and analytical investigations to plot FLC of 0.09-mm (90 µm)-thick ultra-thin brass foil. Micro-forming experiments are designed and conducted according to ASTM standard test using 15 mm hemispherical punch for six different size specimens. Analytical investigations are based on novel approach proposed by Michael Abspoel et al. which predicts FLC based on tensile test. FLDs plotted by experimental and empirical approaches show good agreement.