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Systems Based on InSb
Published in Tomashyk Vasyl, Ternary Alloys Based on III-V Semiconductors, 2017
Using a molten salt method, EMF measurements have been obtained for In–Sn–Sb alloys (Vassiliev et al. 2001). From the three descriptions of the Gibbs function for the binary liquid phases, a ternary calculation was done on the basis of Muggianu’s model. Fair agreement was observed between the experimental and calculated values of In activity for all the compositions studied. This confirms the absence of ternary interactions in the liquid state. Calculation of the thermodynamic characteristics for this ternary system was also performed by Gomidželović et al. (2010) using the Redlich–Kister–Muggianu model. It was shown that the addition of Sn in the In–Sb binary system leads to the reduction of the negative deviation of the In and Sb activities.
polyEthylene Terephthalate, polyOxyethyleneoxyterephthaloyl
Published in Allan F. M. Barton, and Solubility Parameters, 2018
Knox, Weigmann, and Scott18,19 determined Hildebrand and Hansen parameters for the aromatic residue –CO–ϕp–CO–, the aliphatic ester residue –CO–O––CH2CH2–O–CO–, and the complete repeat unit (Table 1). Also determined were the associative parameter values, in agreement with those obtained by homomorph methods. A map showing the bimodal distribution is also included in the Handbook of Solubility Parameters and Other Cohesion Parameters.20 The results were supported by the work of Starobinets et al.21 with binary liquid mixtures and by plasticization studies.162
Force-System Resultants and Equilibrium
Published in Richard C. Dorf, The Engineering Handbook, 2018
For adsorption of an ideal binary liquid system [Equation (61.5)], S=expϕ2o-ϕ1o/mRT
Channel Wall Cooling by Evaporative Falling Water–Ethanol and Water–Methanol Films
Published in Heat Transfer Engineering, 2020
Monssif Najim, M’barek Feddaoui, Abderrahman Nait Alla, Adil Charef
Experimental and numerical investigations are not limited to the case of pure liquids but also deal with binary liquid mixtures. Palen et al. [17] conducted an experimental study on the evaporation of a binary liquid mixture of ethylene and propylene glycol between two vertical plates. The results show that the effective heat-transfer coefficient decreases by 80% compared to pure liquid film one. A numerical analysis of the heat and mass transfers during the evaporation of the binary film in flow between two parallel plates has been reported by Cherif and Daı¨f [18]. The simulations were produced for two liquid mixtures: water–ethanol and water–ethylene glycol. The results show that an error of 1,000% in the evaporated flow estimation can take place by neglecting the thickness of the liquid film. Thus, the authors concluded that the presence of ethylene glycol in the water mixture enhances the evaporation. The authors have suggested realizing a deep parametric analysis of each mixture since their behavior is very different. Armouzi et al. [19] found that the thickness of the liquid film could not be neglected in the case of mixed convection. The results show that by neglecting the liquid film thickness, the distributions of temperature, concentrations, and velocity field are overestimated. It has been found that heat and mass transfers are greater at the entrance of the cylinder and increase with the increase of the applied heat flux. The effects of gas and liquid film conditions at the entrance of a vertical channel on the evaporation of water–ethylene glycol mixture were studied by Hfaiedh et al. [20]. The simulation revealed that from a well-defined distance; said inversion distance, and a certain value of the ethylene glycol mass fraction at the inlet (called inversion fraction) it is possible to evaporate; under the same conditions; a higher quantity of water in comparison to pure water. Huaylla et al. [21] examined the heat and mass transfer during the absorption/condensation and desorption/evaporation-coupled processes of LiBr film solution in falling film exchangers. It was found that high wetting rates can be achieved by using grooved plates which guaranteed a better heat exchange. Very recently, Najim et al. [22] reported a new cooling process of electronics and avionics devices. The idea is based on the principle of the heat pipe but with open ends and forced flows. The results indicate a better cooling and energy balance with high water fraction in the liquid film.