China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Benzene, Aromaticity, and Benzene Derivatives
Published in Michael B. Smith, A Q&A Approach to Organic Chemistry, 2020
If the lone electron pair on nitrogen is somehow “delocalized,” the basicity is diminished and the Lewis acid–Lewis base reaction with the Lewis acid will be so slow that Br+ can be formed. The most common method for doing this is to protect the nitrogen as an amide (see Sections 15.3 and 15.6). Indeed, if the aniline group of aniline is reacted with acetyl chloride, the acetamide derivative (N-acetyl aniline; acetanilide, A) is formed. If A is treated with bromine and AlCl3, a mixture of ortho- and para- bromo derivatives (B and C, respectively) is formed via the usual electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. Treatment with aqueous acid or 1. NaOH, 2. H3O+ will remove the acetyl group, regenerating the NH2 group, giving 2-bromoaniline and 4-bromoaniline.
List of Chemical Substances
Published in T.S.S. Dikshith, and Safety, 2016
p-Acetotoluidide is an off-white to brown flake, odorless, solid or crystalline powder (pure form), soluble in hot water alcohol, ether, chloroform, acetone, glycerol, and benzene. It is combustible and undergoes self-ignition (at 545°C), but is otherwise stable under most conditions. On decomposition, p-acetanilide releases carbon monoxide, oxides of nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and toxic fumes. p-Acetanilide is used as an inhibitor of peroxides and a stabilizer for cellulose ester varnishes. It is used as an intermediate for the synthesis of rubber accelerators, dyes and dye intermediate, and camphor. It is also used as a precursor in penicillin synthesis and other pharmaceuticals, including painkillers and intermediates. Phenylacetamide structure shows analgesic and antipyretic effects. But acetanilide is not used directly for this application because it causes methemoglobinemia (the presence of excessive methemoglobin that does not function reversibly as an oxygen carrier in the blood).
Binary salt phase change material for concentrated solar cooker: storage and usages
Published in Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 2022
C.V. Papade, A.B. Kanase-Patil
A developed TES aspect having PCM to store energy was studied on a concentrated parabolic-type dish collector (Li et al. 2017). The indoor cooking was done by using stored thermal energy. Acetanilide was used as a PCM (Kabir et al. 2018). Investigated the possibility of day-night cooking with PCM as storage media (Dheep and Sreekumar 2018). For this, two concentric cylindrical vessels (0.1500 mm thick), made using aluminum material are connected through a space between outer and inner walls (Li, Guo, and Nutt 2017). The selection of the PCM to be used is an essential point that depends on an exact application and its operating temperature (A. Sharma et al. 2009). The box-type solar cooker with low temperature and large cooking time application was studied by (Konuklu and Ersoy 2017) and concluded that paraffin was the greatest appropriate-phase change material for research of phase change material mixtures. The soppy and manifestation heats be situated resolute to be 65.8 and 63.5 kJ/kg.
New Schiff’s base cinnamates/benzoates liquid crystals with lateral methyl substitutes: characterisation, mesomorphic behaviour and DFT calculation
Published in Liquid Crystals, 2022
Rohit R. Koshti, Akshay Vyas, Kaushik A. Patel, Hardik S. Patel, Madhur B. Patel, H. N. Patel
2-methyl acetanilide was prepared from 2-methyl aniline by acetylating it with acetic anhydride in the presence of glacial acetic acid and zinc dust. 2-methyl 4-nitro acetanilide was prepared by nitration of 2-methyl acetanilide with a cold mixture of concentrated sulphuric acid and nitric acid under cold conditions, which gives an isomeric mixture. 4-nitro isomer was then separated [43] by recrystallising the isomer mixture with ethanol, where the 2-nitro isomer remains in the filtrate, and 4-nitro isomer was crystallised as yellow solid; this process was repeated until a single spot obtained on thin-layer chromatography (TLC) (Merk Kiesel gel 60F254 precoated plates) with a toluene ethyl acetate mixture (4:1). 2-methyl-4-nitro acetanilide was then hydrolysed by sulphuric acid to yield 2-methyl-4-nitroaniline (I). Overall Yield: 54% IR Spectrum (KBr) Vmax/Cm-1: 3472(-NH2), 3365, 2943, 2875,1634, 1604, 1586(-NO2), 1435, 1373, 1176, 1061, 889.