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List of Chemical Substances
Published in T.S.S. Dikshith, and Safety, 2016
2-Butoxyethanol is a clear colorless liquid with an ether-like smell and belongs to the family of glycol ether/alkoxy alcohol. 2-Butoxyethanol is miscible in water and soluble in most organic solvents. 2-Butoxyethanol does not occur naturally. It is usually produced by reacting ethylene oxide with butyl alcohol. It is used as a solvent for nitrocellulose, natural and synthetic resins, soluble oils, in surface coatings, spray lacquers, enamels, varnishes, and latex paints, as an ingredient in paint thinners, quick-dry lacquers, latex paint, and strippers, varnish removers, and herbicides. 2-Butoxyethanol is also used in textile dyeing and printing, in the treatment of leather, in the production of plasticizers, as a stabilizer in metal cleaners and household cleaners, and in hydraulic fluids, insecticides, herbicides, and rust removers. It is also used as an ingredient in liquid soaps, cosmetics, industrial and household cleaners, dry-cleaning compounds, and as an ingredient in silicon caulks, cutting oils, and hydraulic fluids. 2-Butoxyethanol is a fire hazard when exposed to heat, sparks, or open flames.
Comparison of ConsExpo estimated exposure levels to glycol ethers during professional cleaning work to existing regulatory occupational exposure limit values
Published in International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2023
Despite the conservativeness of ConsExpo, the the values estimated indicated very low-level exposures to glycol ethers from the professional cleaning products. It is important to remember that the glycol ether concentration interval ranged from 5 to 20% in the products studied. The values obtained in this study for 2-butoxyethanol (ethylene glycol monobutyl ether [EGBE]) in the concentration of 6% had a MEC estimate of 13 mg/m3. For 20%, the estimated MEC was 59 mg/m3. The estimated MEC values from this study are within the same levels reported by Bello et al. [25]. Despite the estimates being not entirely directly comparable due to the different tasks performed and the exposure conditions applicable, the results’ similarity is a relatively good indicator of possible levels of exposure to eventual 2-butoxyethanol with a source from cleaning products.
The wash-in effect and its significance for mass casualty decontamination
Published in Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B, 2022
Thomas James, Lydia Izon-Cooper, Samuel Collins, Haydn Cole, Tim Marczylo
It is clear that chemical influences on the barrier function of the skin and percutaneous penetration are likely to be contributing to the wash-in effect. The surfactant-enhanced penetration of diethyl malonate (Loke et al. 1999) and the differing absorption kinetics of 2-butoxyethanol with water and soap water is suggested by Forsberg et al. (2020). These investigators also bring into question whether the wash-in effect is chemical-dependent. The wash-in effect is not seen equally across physicochemically diverse compounds as a result of varying thermodynamic activities governing skin penetration and diffusivity across the skin. Data suggest the magnitude of the wash-in effect may be directly linked to physicochemical properties such as lipophilicity of the compound or its pKa which determine the availability of hydrophilic ionized or lipophilic neutral species dependent on the pH of the skin surface.
Cleaning workers’ exposure to volatile organic compounds and particulate matter during floor polish removal and reapplication
Published in Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, 2019
Joonas Ruokolainen, Marko Hyttinen
The removal and reapplication of floor polish (also called wax) on the floor surfaces represent one of the important periodic maintenance tasks in the public buildings with hard or smooth floor surfaces. One of the main compound groups included in the polishes and polish removers are glycol ethers, such as ethylene glycol ethyl ether (EGEE), 2-butoxyethanol (ethylene glycol butyl ether, EGBE), 2-phenoxyethanol (ethylene glycol phenyl ether, EGPE), diethylene glycol ethyl ether (DEGEE), diethylene glycol butyl ether (DEGBE), and dipropylene glycol methyl ether (DPGME).[4,5] Another significant group of compounds included in the polish removers and polishes is ethanolamines that are known irritants and are suspected to play a role in the development of occupational asthma.[5–9]