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Introduction
Published in Brijesh Iyer, Nagendra Prasad Pathak, Multiband Non-Invasive Microwave Sensor, 2018
Brijesh Iyer, Nagendra Prasad Pathak
Vital signs are the symptoms of physiological information, frequently used to evaluate the fundamental body functionality. In healthcare terminology, measurements of vital signs are classified into two types: in vivo (on or within a human body) and in vitro (exterior of human body) [18]. Measurement of vital signs, in principle, involves recording of heartbeat and respiration rate, body temperature, and blood pressure. Among these, the respiration rate and heartbeat are more significantly used vital signs to predict physical health of a human being since a close nonlinear relation exists between the respiratory and the cardiovascular systems. Both the heartbeat and respiration rate are modified by the target activity (i.e., the human being).
Energy Efficiency in Wireless Body Sensor Networks
Published in Mahmoud Elkhodr, Qusay F. Hassan, Seyed Shahrestani, Networks of the Future, 2017
Ali Hassan Sodhro, Giancarlo Fortino, Sandeep Pirbhulal, Mir Muhammad Lodro, Madad Ali Shah
The health condition of patients can be monitored by the frequent analysis of the vital sign signals. Patients with critical ailments such as heart attack must be diagnosed after every single minute. In Reference [23], different requirements of the human body in terms of physiological characteristics are presented. Due to the distinct traits and behavior of the human body, the data rates are changing accordingly.
The epidemiology and prehospital care of motorcycle crashes in a sub-Saharan African urban center
Published in Traffic Injury Prevention, 2020
A. Rosenberg, F. Z. Uwinshuti, M. Dworkin, V. Nsengimana, E. Kankindi, M. Niyonsaba, J. M. Uwitonze, I. Kabagema, T. Dushime, E. Krebs, S. Jayaraman
Demographics, vital signs, injury mechanism, type of injury, and treatment were analyzed for this study. Vital signs included oxygen saturation, systolic blood pressure, heart rate, and respiratory rate. Hypoxia was defined as oxygen saturation less than 90%. Tachypnea was defined as a respiratory rate greater than 20 breaths per minute. Hypotension was defined as systolic blood pressure less than 90 mmHg. Tachycardia was defined as heart rate greater than 100 beats per minute. RTCs were defined as any incident involving a road vehicle, including automobiles, motorcycles, and bicycles. Motorcycle-related RTCs were identified as any crash involving a motorized 2-wheeled vehicle. The SAMU team determined and recorded anatomic location of injury based on their clinical assessment and care during transportation. Additionally, SAMU utilizes a triage system that categorizes each case as “absolute,” “relative,” or “no urgency” based on mechanism, clinical presentation, and vital signs. Transport destinations included referral hospitals (highest level of care), district hospitals (mid-level care), and health centers (primary care). Primary transportation refers to movement of patients to the initial health facility and secondary transportation refers to transfer of patients between health facilities.
Modified FMCW system for non-contact sensing of human respiration
Published in Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology, 2020
Aloysius Adya Pramudita, Fiky Y. Suratman, Dharu Arseno
Measurement of human vital signs is generally performed through the detection of respiration or heart rate. The development of vital signs detection or measurement methods with non-contact operation has become a concern research in recent years [1,2]. Non-contact detection was motivated by a number of needs in several fields such as disaster recovery [3,4], health [4–12], security and military [13–15]. Non-contact detection of human vital signs can be applied in finding and evacuating life victims behind the ruins [3]. In the health sector, non-contact respiratory measurements will support a more hygienic measurement process and provide comfort measurement for patients. In the military sector, the ability to detect vital signs on a wall-penetrating radar system will support the identification of the enemy behind the wall. Radar is potentially to be developed as a basic technology for non-contact measurements. The development of radar system for biomedical applications has been studied [2]. However, the development towards improving the readiness of the technology needs to be continued.
Health care Monitoring System and Analytics Based on Internet of Things Framework
Published in IETE Journal of Research, 2019
The emergence of IoT has promoted the growth of digital data at an exponential rate. Without further analyses, the data is meaningless if used solely for storing and display purposes. In health care applications, the vital signs are usually used to predict and detect certain potential diseases. For example, a fever is an illness indicated by high body temperature (>37.5°C), and the level of obesity can be indicted by the body mass index (BMI). However, analysing all the raw data from sensors or database manually is beyond human limits. The highlighted issues promote the advancement of health care analytics. By using analytical tools or machine learning, some useful information is automatically extracted and can be used as a pre-screening model for the early detection of certain diseases.