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Application of Soft Computing Techniques to Heart Sound Classification
Published in Ashish Mishra, G. Suseendran, Trung-Nghia Phung, Soft Computing Applications and Techniques in Healthcare, 2020
Traditionally, cardiologists use stethoscopes for examination of heart sounds. The accuracy of heart sound classification is based on the experience and skill of the physicians. But this manual clinical process is time-consuming and costly. To alleviate these limitations, recently a computer-based automatic computer assist tool is recommended for detection of abnormal heart sound. Hence this is becoming an emerging research for the biological signal processing and machine learning groups as it is computer based. Soft computing is one of the problem-solving approaches used to solve real life complex problems in the field of science and technology. Applications of various soft computing techniques such as artificial neural network, fuzzy logic and evolutionary computing have been extensively used in the medical diagnosis. Various soft computing techniques are also applied by the researchers in the field of classification of heart sound.
Collecting and Making Sense of Big Data for Improved Health Care
Published in Ervin Sejdić, Tiago H. Falk, Signal Processing and Machine Learning for Biomedical Big Data, 2018
A mainstay tool of clinical providers has been the acoustic stethoscope, which is primarily used to auscultate arterial pressure waves used for measuring blood pressure as well as heart valve sounds and lung sounds. With training and over time, clinicians become experts in recognizing abnormal heart and lung sounds, which can often be the first sign of a progressing disease condition. A major drawback of an acoustic stethoscope is that in certain patients, the sound level is too low to discriminate normal from abnormal sounds. A second challenge is the time it takes to build expertise in accurately assessing abnormal sounds. It can take years of training to accurately assess cardiac and pulmonary problems with an acoustic stethoscope. These problems are being addressed through the emergence of electronic stethoscopes, which use sensors in the diaphragm of the stethoscope to capture heart sounds and convert them into electrical signals, which can then be amplified. Studies have demonstrated that electronic stethoscopes capture heart sounds better than acoustic stethoscopes [37].
A Survey of Machine Learning in Healthcare
Published in Mitul Kumar Ahirwal, Narendra D. Londhe, Anil Kumar, Artificial Intelligence Applications for Health Care, 2022
S. Sathyanarayanan, Sanjay Chitnis
Heart sound auscultation using a stethoscope is the primary method of detecting any abnormalities in the heart. Years of experience are required to diagnose heart murmurs correctly. Hence, further tests that require expensive medical resources could be used inefficiently.
Design and development of a digital stethoscope encapsulation for simultaneous acquisition of phonocardiography and electrocardiography signals: the SmartHeart case study
Published in Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology, 2020
Ricardo Baptista, Hugo Silva, Miguel Rocha
The stethoscope is an essential tool for clinical auscultation in standard medical practice. Even with some limitations, the stethoscope combined with physical examination allows detection and diagnosis of abdominal and thoracic pathologies. It is also the first step in cardiovascular assessment, allowing for heart abnormalities evaluation [1]. Auscultation enables physicians to listen to internal body sounds and nowadays it is still used as an analogic medical device. Invented by French physician Rene Laennec in the nineteenth century, it has suffered various concept and design iterations. Today physicians use the stethoscope designed by Dr David Littmann in 1960, Harvard [2]. As an analogic medical device, internal body sounds are transmitted by the stethoscope diaphragm or bell, though the tubing and eartips as a mechanical sound wave. As a tool to auscultate heart sounds, these are mainly produced when the heart contracts and returns to rest. The blood flows between heart chambers in one single direction, as the valve system opens and closes. When closing, blood pressure variations produce structural vibrations transmitted as mechanical waves to the stethoscope in contact with the skin [1,2].