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Level Set Methods for Cardiac Segmentation in MSCT Images
Published in Ayman El-Baz, Jasjit S. Suri, Level Set Method in Medical Imaging Segmentation, 2019
Ruben Medina, Sebastian Bautista, Villie Morocho, Alexandra La Cruz
An example for a patient with Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH) is shown in Figures 7.23 and 7.24. The patient has a left ventricle mass of 182 grams and a left ventricle mass index of 141 g/m2 in the moderately abnormal range with a Relative Wall Thickness (RWT) index of 0.78 corresponding to concentric hypertrophy. The contours obtained with the automatic segmentation are shown in Figure 7.23. In this case the contours are shown overlaid with the input image in three standard views axial, coronal and sagittal. Even when the contrast is poor for determining the actual external wall contour, the level set based algorithm is able to attain a feasible solution that recovers a ventricle shape that matches the anatomical information provided by this 3-D image. The 3-D representation of the myocardial segmentation is shown in Figure 7.24 where the endocardial shape is overlaid with the shape representing the external wall of the left ventricle. Three views of the segmentation results are shown where the width of the left ventricle wall is clearly larger than the cases shown in Figure 7.22.
The role of a Simplified Selvester Score as a predictor of successful fibrinolytics in STEMI
Published in Cut Adeya Adella, Stem Cell Oncology, 2018
Syaifullah, I.N. Kaoy, Z. Mukhtar, H. Hasan, N.Z. Akbar, H.A.P. Lubis
This study has some limitations. First, our study was a single centre study. Second, using the complete version of the scoring system (54 criteria for a total of 32 points) might have changed the results. The simplified version may underestimate infarct size because it excludes posterior extension of inferior infarcts. Third, we studied patients with their first STEMI, where this scoring system performs best, so the results are not applicable to patients with previous MI. We also excluded patients with left bundle branch block, left anterior or posterior fascicular block, left ventricular hypertrophy or right ventricular hypertrophy. Fourth, we used only SK for TLT which has a lower reperfusion, patency and TIMI-3 flow rate than the newer generation of thrombolytics (e.g. alteplase, reteplase or TNK-t-PA).
Clinical Effects of Pollution
Published in William J. Rea, Kalpana D. Patel, Reversibility of Chronic Disease and Hypersensitivity, Volume 5, 2017
William J. Rea, Kalpana D. Patel
Traffic-related air pollution is linked to left ventricular hypertrophy, heart failure, and cardiovascular death,552,581 as shown previously. Air pollution may affect the left ventricle through oxidative stress, inflammation, and autonomic dysfunction, and these mechanisms could also affect the RV.659,740,741 These effects are seen in the majority of the chemically sensitive heart vascular patients treated in Dallas. There are symptoms of vasculitis and cardiovascular disease in the earlier stages. The lungs have substantial exposure to traffic-related air pollution and inhalants, which may directly increase RV afterload and lead to disproportionately greater changes in the RV compared to the left ventricle.742,743 The impact of traffic-related air pollution on the RV, however, is not well studied. However, Leary et al.744 have emphasized epidemiologically in situations that the EHC-Dallas has observed over the last 30 years of studying patients in the controlled environments.
Cardiovascular health profile among Québec male and female police officers
Published in Archives of Environmental & Occupational Health, 2019
Philippe Gendron, Claude Lajoie, Louis Laurencelle, François Trudeau
The prevalence of self-declared hypertension in Québec PO was also compared to that in Québec adults in 201119 in two age groups. Among men, hypertension prevalence in PO was higher (p ≤ 0.001) than in Québec adults between the ages of 20–44 years (9.1 vs. 3.8%) but was not different between those 45–64 years old (22.8 vs. 22.5%). Self-declared hypertension prevalence in female PO was not different from Québec female adults between the ages of 20–44 years (2.8 vs 2.8%) but was it lower for those between 45 and 64 years old (8.2 vs 20.3%, p ≤ 0.001). The significant difference in self-declared hypertension prevalence observed between male PO and Québec male adults 20–44 years of age may be explained by the fact that the work schedule of young PO in Québec comprises many non-day shift work hours. Ma et al.20 noted that non-day shift work is associated with occupational stress, in addition to many other sources of psychological stress, which results in chronic elevation of catecholamine levels,21 increasing heart rate and blood pressure. In PO, chronic high blood pressure has been linked with some adverse effects. Two studies have shown a strong and specific association between hypertension and incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD)22 and stroke.23 Hypertension, with or without obesity or CHD, typically results in left ventricular hypertrophy, which is frequently associated with fatal arrhythmias.24