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Skeletal Muscle
Published in Nassir H. Sabah, Neuromuscular Fundamentals, 2020
The increase in fiber size is called hypertrophy. Muscle disuse and loss of innervation, as in paralysis, causes a severe loss of muscle tissue, referred to as muscle atrophy. The increase in the number of muscle fibers is hyperplasia. This has been demonstrated in laboratory animals, such as birds, rats, and cats, as a result of some form of exercise or prolonged electrical stimulation. There are claims that hyperplasia also occurs in humans through two possible mechanisms: (i) splitting of large fibers into two or more smaller fibers, and (ii) fusion of myoblasts to form a new fiber. The myoblasts arise through cell division of satellite cells that are involved in the repair of muscle tissue, as mentioned earlier.
Pathology
Published in John A Plumb, Health Maintenance Of Cultured Fishes, 1994
Hypertrophy is an increase in the size or volume of a body part or organ due to an increase in the size of individual cells. Hypertrophy usually results from an increased demand for function, but can also be initiated by an infectious agent such as lymphocystis virus which causes infected cells to become greatly enlarged.
The role of exercise selection in regional Muscle Hypertrophy: A randomized controlled trial
Published in Journal of Sports Sciences, 2021
Aitor Zabaleta-Korta, Eneko Fernández-Peña, Jon Torres-Unda, Arkaitz Garbisu-Hualde, Jordan Santos-Concejero
Skeletal muscle hypertrophy can be defined as the increase in muscle fibre cross-sectional area (CSA) that is accompanied by an increase in muscle volume and mass. This muscle growth can occur in response to regular mechanical stimuli (Wackerhage et al., 2019), and it may not be homogeneous between the different heads of a muscle (Zabaleta-Korta et al., 2020). Muscle growth has also been shown to differ among the different regions of a single muscle head (Zabaleta-Korta et al., 2020).