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Viral and Bacterial Infection Prevention Through Intentional Design
Published in AnnaMarie Bliss, Dak Kopec, Architectural Factors for Infection and Disease Control, 2023
Debra Harris, Denise N. Williams
Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) bacteria, such as Enterococcus faecium (E. faecium), are blood-borne gram-positive pathogens that are typically found as HAIs in the urinary tract, heart, brain, and wounds.21 There are well-documented cases of transmissions from contaminated environmental surfaces to previously uninfected patients; and transmission from the hands or gloves of health care workers to patients.3,5,22 In one of these cited studies, it was found that 46% of health care workers who touched contaminated surfaces in rooms of VRE-colonized patients left these patients’ spaces with VRE-contaminated gloves. VRE can survive for up to 2 months on countertops, 7 days on fabric chairs, and up to 3 months or more on cotton bedsheets and dry plastic surfaces.22 Additionally, while most VRE infections are typically HAIs, there are several cases of community-acquired infections that are not linked to health care exposures.23–24
Alkaliphilic Bacteria and Thermophilic Actinomycetes as New Sources of Antimicrobial Compounds
Published in Devarajan Thangadurai, Jeyabalan Sangeetha, Industrial Biotechnology, 2017
Suchitra B. Borgave, Meghana S. Kulkarni, Pradnya P. Kanekar, Dattatraya G. Naik
Enterococci are responsible for urinary tract, wound, intra abdominal, and pelvic infections (Barsby et al., 2001). The increase of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) as important agents of nosocomial infections is cause of great concern (Perl, 1999). It is thought that a selective pressure favoring the survival and spread of VRE was the consequence of the use of antibiotics in food and agricultural practices (Bax et al., 2000). Actually, there are no effective antibiotics currently available for such organisms. Even worst, vancomycin-resistance is often associated with multiple-drug resistance (Perl, 1999; Cetinkaya et al., 2000; Lautenbach et al., 2003).
Dual-acting antibacterial porous chitosan film embedded with a photosensitizer
Published in Science and Technology of Advanced Materials, 2020
Zi-Jun Liu, Shu-Ching Lin, Pei-Yuan Lee, Ying-Ting Lin, Zi-Lun Lai, Cheng-Chung Chang, Gou-Jen Wang
Wound care is an important medical issue, and wound infection is often one of the main reasons that results in difficult recovery. Carelessness can cause cellulitis and sepsis and endanger patients’ lives. To prevent the infection of wound, antibiotics have been the most commonly used treatment. The excessive use of antibiotics has also led to the increasing resistance of bacteria to antibiotics. Common and important bacterial infections have developed resistance to first-line antibiotics, for example, vancomycin-resistant enterococci (vancomycin resistant; VRE). Enterococci (VRE) have become one of the important pathogenic bacteria in hospital infection groups in Europe and the United States.