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Regulation of Blood Glucose
Published in Robert B. Northrop, Endogenous and Exogenous Regulation and Control of Physiological Systems, 2020
Laboratory diagnosis of type I diabetes generally shows a blood pH below 7 with low plasma bicarbonate (metabolic acidosis). Acidosis is the result of high levels of acetoacetic acid and β-hydroxybutyric acid which come from abnormal lipid metabolism. Also, lab work shows very high plasma triglyceride level due to accumulation of very-low-density lipoproteins and chylomicrons (hyperlipemia). Plasma electrolytes, [K+] and [Na+], are low; plasma free fatty acids are elevated.141
Terpenoids Against Cardiovascular Diseases
Published in Dijendra Nath Roy, Terpenoids Against Human Diseases, 2019
Observational studies have shown that moderate alcohol intake—basically defined as up to two drinks daily for men and one drink daily for women—has been consistently linked with a lower risk of CVD (Viuda-Martos et al. 2010). To validate this point, two meta-analyses conducted by Corrao et al. (2000) reached consistent conclusions about the extent of this linkage, and it is additionally confirmed by the positive results observed with moderate drinking on HDL-C and other CVD risk factors (Watzl et al. 2002). Nevertheless, an overindulgence in alcohol intake has injurious repercussions on triglyceride (TG) levels and blood pressure (Wakabayashi, 2009).
Chemistry, food and the modern diet: what’s in food besides food?
Published in Richard J. Sundberg, The Chemical Century, 2017
Fats are esters in which fatty acids are attached to 1,2,3-trihydroxypropane, also known as glycerol or glycerin. Fats are also called triglycerides. The three fatty acids need not be the same. In diglycerides, only two fatty acids are present.
Confined space hazards: Plain seawater, an insidious source of hydrogen sulfide
Published in Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, 2023
Crude degummed soybean oil is defined as pure soybean oil produced from fair to average quality crude soybean oil from which most of the natural gums (phospholipids) have been removed. Crude soybean oil contains 95–97% triglycerides (Perkins 1995). A triglyceride compound, colloquially known as “fat” for human consumption, consists of three fatty acids attached to a glycerol backbone.