China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
The neurotrophic factor rationale for using brief electrical stimulation to promote peripheral nerve regeneration in animal models and human patients
Published in Ze Zhang, Mahmoud Rouabhia, Simon E. Moulton, Conductive Polymers, 2018
Accelerated nerve regeneration following a 1-h period of low-frequency electrical stimulation accelerates functional recovery in both animals and humans. In mice, the stimulation of a transected and surgically repaired femoral nerve accelerated knee extension by the reinnervated quadriceps muscle (Ahlborn et al. 2007). In human patients, the same stimulation paradigm applied to the injured median nerve after carpal tunnel release at the wrist, accelerated both median nerve regeneration and the reinnervation of the muscles of the thenar eminence (Figure 11.1c–e) (Gordon et al. 2010). Sensory nerve regeneration and recovery of sensory function were also accelerated by the same regime of a 1-h period of 20 Hz electrical stimulation after surgical repair of the transected digital nerve (Wong et al. 2015), demonstrating the efficacy of electrical stimulation after nerve injuries in humans, as well as animals. Similar acceleration has also been demonstrated after surgical release of the ulnar nerve at the elbow and after surgical repair of a transected digital nerve (Chan et al. 2016). Ongoing studies in Edmonton and Toronto are currently being extended to more nerve centers internationally.
Designing for Hand and Wrist Anatomy
Published in Karen L. LaBat, Karen S. Ryan, Human Body, 2019
The thenar eminence at the base of the thumb is variably plump depending on the size of the muscles, and it is demarcated by the thenar crease. The hypothenar eminence is the mound of muscles on the opposite side of the palm. It is smaller and often does not have a clear line of demarcation. Note the mobility of the web of the thumb—the span of soft tissue between the thumb and the index finger—as you move your thumb toward your midpalm.
Imaging of the upper limb
Published in Sarah McWilliams, Practical Radiological Anatomy, 2011
o The flexor retinaculum attaches to the pisiform, hook of hamate, scaphoid bone and trapezium. The median nerve runs through the carpal tunnel. The median nerve supplies the thenar eminence. Patients with carpal tunnel syndrome present with tingling in the fingers of the median nerve distribution, i.e. thumb to radial side of ring finger.
Development of a multifingered robotic hand with the thenar grasp function
Published in Advanced Robotics, 2020
Tomoo Yoneda, Daiki Morihiro, Ryuta Ozawa
As shown in Figure 1, the human hand is composed of fingers and the thumb. Compared with the fingers, the thumb has a unique structure, including the thenar eminence. The thenar eminence consists of four intrinsic muscles that help the thumb to move in opposition to all the fingers while generating motions that are coordinated with the other fingers [1]. Moreover, the thenar eminence is frequently brought into direct contact with an object. Thus, the thenar eminence contributes to generate the diversity of the grasps.