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Mineralized 3D Culture Systems for Studying Bone Metastatic Breast Cancer
Published in Karen J.L. Burg, Didier Dréau, Timothy Burg, Engineering 3D Tissue Test Systems, 2017
Frank He, Siyoung Choi, Lara A. Estroff, Claudia Fischbach
The clinically and experimentally supported “seed-and-soil” concept argues that site-specific metastasis occurs only if the target organ provides a fertile ground for tumor cells to seed (Paget 1889; Langley and Fidler 2011; Cox et al. 2012b). Also known as the premetastatic niche, this concept has formed the basis of investigations focused on the strong preference of metastatic breast cancer cells for bone. Indeed, breast cancer cells hijack molecular and cellular mechanisms used by hematopoietic stem cells in order to home to and grow within bone (Weilbaecher et al. 2011). For example, the chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) expression of bone metastatic breast cancer cells renders them responsive to stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) secreted by bone marrow-derived mesenchymal cells (Müller et al. 2001; Kang et al. 2003; Teicher and Fricker 2010). Furthermore, the specific physical properties (e.g., acidic pH, high extracellular calcium concentration, hypoxia) of the bone microenvironment promote tumor-cell growth (Kingsley et al. 2007). Once seeded in bone, tumor cells disrupt the homeostatic interplay between bone-forming osteoblasts and bone-degrading osteoclasts leading to the net effect of osteolysis. Bone degradation, in turn, further activates the vicious cycle of bone metastasis by releasing tumorigenic growth factors and cytokines, including transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) that foster secondary tumor development (Mundy 2002; Kozlow and Guise 2005; Weilbaecher et al. 2011).
The role of BMP-2, low-level laser therapy and low x-ray doses in dental follicle stem cell migration
Published in Particulate Science and Technology, 2018
Ondine Lucaciu, Bogdan Crisan, Mihaela Hedesiu, Olga Soritau, Noemi Dirzu, Liana Crisan, Radu Campian, Grigore Baciut, Mihaela Baciut, Florin Onisor, Cristian Dinu, Simion Bran
Because the use of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) after bone reconstruction and implant placement has increased (Kim et al. 2016), assessing the effect of this exposure on the cell migration function becomes relevant. The long-term effects of LLLT can involve mechanisms connected with the activation of migration of stem cells toward damaged areas. Stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) alpha plays a critical role in stem cell migration toward areas of tissue injury and hypoxia. The study shows that laser radiation can upregulate stem cell migration toward higher SDF-1 gradient (Gasparyan et al. 2005).